Natural Capital Project, Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2023 Mar;111:102867. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2023.102867. Epub 2023 Feb 20.
Despite growing understanding of racial and class injustice in vehicular air pollution exposure, less is known about the relationship between people's exposure to vehicular air pollution and their contribution to it. Taking Los Angeles as a case study, this study examines the injustice in vehicular PM exposure by developing an indicator that measures local populations' vehicular PM exposure adjusted by their vehicle trip distances. This study applies random forest regression models to assess how travel behavior, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics affect this indicator. The results indicate that census tracts of the periphery whose residents drive longer distances are exposed to less vehicular PM pollution than tracts in the city center whose residents drive shorter distances. Ethnic minority and low-income tracts emit little vehicular PM and are particularly exposed to it, while White and high-income tracts generate more vehicular PM pollution but are less exposed.
尽管人们对车辆空气污染暴露中的种族和阶级不平等有了更多的了解，但对于人们接触车辆空气污染与其造成的污染之间的关系，人们知之甚少。以洛杉矶为例，本研究通过开发一个指标来检验车辆 PM 暴露方面的不公平性，该指标衡量了经当地人口车辆行驶里程调整后的车辆 PM 暴露。本研究应用随机森林回归模型来评估出行行为、人口统计学和社会经济特征如何影响这一指标。结果表明，与市中心居民开车距离较短的居民相比，那些位于城市边缘、开车距离较长的居民接触的车辆 PM 污染较少。少数民族和低收入社区排放的车辆 PM 较少，但暴露程度较高，而白人社区和高收入社区产生的车辆 PM 污染较多，但暴露程度较低。
