Blonç Manuel, Lima Jennifer, Balasch Joan Carles, Tort Lluis, Gravato Carlos, Teles Mariana
Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 22;13(5):792. doi: 10.3390/ani13050792.
The most documented fibrates are gemfibrozil, clofibrate and bezafibrate, while for statins, the majority of the published literature focuses on atorvastatin and simvastatin. The present work reviews previously published research concerning the effects of these hypocholesterolaemic pharmaceuticals on fish, with a particular focus on commercially important species, commonly produced by the European aquaculture industry, specifically in recirculated aquaculture systems (RAS). Overall, results suggest that both acute and chronic exposures to lipid-lowering compounds may have adverse effects on fish, disrupting their capacity to excrete exogenous substances, as well as both lipid metabolism and homeostasis, causing severe ontogenetic and endocrinological abnormalities, leading to hampered reproductive success (e.g., gametogenesis, fecundity), and skeletal or muscular malformations, having serious repercussions on fish health and welfare. Nonetheless, the available literature focusing on the effects of statins or fibrates on commonly farmed fish is still limited, and further research is required to understand the implications of this matter on aquaculture production, global food security and, ultimately, human health.
有最多文献记载的贝特类药物是吉非贝齐、氯贝丁酯和苯扎贝特，而对于他汀类药物，大多数已发表的文献集中在阿托伐他汀和辛伐他汀上。本研究回顾了先前发表的关于这些降胆固醇药物对鱼类影响的研究，特别关注欧洲水产养殖业常见生产的具有商业重要性的物种，特别是在循环水养殖系统（RAS）中。总体而言，结果表明，急性和慢性接触降脂化合物可能对鱼类产生不利影响，破坏它们排泄外源物质的能力，以及脂质代谢和体内平衡，导致严重的个体发育和内分泌异常，导致繁殖成功率受阻（如配子发生、繁殖力），以及骨骼或肌肉畸形，对鱼类健康和福利产生严重影响。尽管如此，关注他汀类药物或贝特类药物对常见养殖鱼类影响的现有文献仍然有限，需要进一步研究以了解此事对水产养殖生产、全球粮食安全以及最终对人类健康的影响。
