Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 24;20(5):4025. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054025.
A proper diet increases the effectiveness of training and accelerates post-workout regeneration. One of the factors determining eating behaviour are personality traits, including those included in the Big Five model, i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. The aim of this study was to analyse the personality determinants of peri-exercise nutritional behaviours among an elite group of Polish athletes practicing team sports. The study was conducted in a group of 213 athletes, using the author's validated questionnaire of exercise-related nutrition behaviours and the NEO-PI-R (Neuroticism Extraversion Openness-Personality Inventory-Revised). A statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's linear correlation and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients as well as a multiple regression analysis, assuming a significance level of α = 0.05. It has been shown that the level of the overall index regarding normal peri-exercise eating behaviours decreased with increasing neuroticism (r = -0.18) and agreeableness (r = -0.18). An analysis of the relationship between the personality traits (sub-scales) of the Big Five model demonstrated that the overall index of proper peri-exercise nutrition decreased with the intensification of three neuroticism traits, i.e., hostility/anger (R = -0.20), impulsiveness/immoderation (R = -0.18), and vulnerability to stress/learned helplessness (R = -0.19), and four traits of agreeableness, i.e., straightforwardness/morality (R = -0.17), compliance/cooperation (R = -0.19), modesty (R = -0.14), and tendermindedness/sympathy (R = -0.15) ( < 0.05). A multiple regression analysis exhibited that the full model consisting of all the analysed personality traits explained 99% of the variance concerning the level of the proper peri-exercise nutrition index. In conclusion, the index of proper nutrition under conditions of physical effort decreases along with the intensification of neuroticism and agreeableness among Polish athletes professionally practicing team sports.
适当的饮食可以提高训练效果并加速锻炼后的恢复。决定饮食行为的因素之一是个性特征，包括大五人格模型中的特征，即神经质、外向性、开放性、宜人性和尽责性。本研究的目的是分析在波兰从事团队运动的精英运动员中，运动前营养行为的人格决定因素。该研究在 213 名运动员中进行，使用作者验证的与运动相关的营养行为问卷和 NEO-PI-R（神经质-外向性-开放性人格量表-修订版）。使用 Pearson 线性相关和 Spearman 等级相关系数以及多元回归分析进行了统计分析，假设显著性水平为 α = 0.05。结果表明，随着神经质（r = -0.18）和宜人性（r = -0.18）的增加，正常运动前饮食行为的整体指数水平降低。对大五人格模型的个性特征（子量表）之间的关系进行分析表明，适当的运动前营养的整体指数随着三个神经质特征的加剧而降低，即敌意/愤怒（R = -0.20）、冲动/放纵（R = -0.18）和易受压力/习得无助（R = -0.19），以及宜人性的四个特征，即正直/道德（R = -0.17）、顺从/合作（R = -0.19）、谦虚（R = -0.14）和温柔/同情（R = -0.15）（<0.05）。多元回归分析表明，由所有分析的人格特征组成的完整模型解释了适当运动前营养指数水平的 99%的方差。总之，在专业从事团队运动的波兰运动员中，随着神经质和宜人性的增强，适当的营养指数在体力活动条件下会降低。
