Institute of Meteorology and Water Management-National Research Institute, Waszyngtona 42, 81-342 Gdynia, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Mar 2;20(5):4475. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054475.
Parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the gas and particle fraction were measured between May and August 2021 at a coastal urban site in Poland, to examine their chemical characteristics, distribution, sources, deposition fluxes and interactions with basic meteorological drivers. The mean concentration of PAHs in the gas phase was significantly higher (26.26 ± 15.83 ng m) than levels measured in the particle phase (1.77 ± 1.26 ng m). The highest concentration in the gas phase was found for phenanthrene (Phe), followed by fluoranthene (Flt), acenaphthene (Ace) and naphthalene (Naph). The contribution from each group of PAHs to the total particulate phase accounted for 50%, 25%, 14% and 12% for 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-ring compounds, respectively. The mean ΣPAH deposition flux was 59 ± 24 ng m day. During the whole field campaign, the efficient removal of PM-bound PAHs was typically observed after precipitation events. Based on statistical analysis, it was found that 4-ring PAHs were less effectively removed (25%) by daily precipitation as compared to 5- and 6-ring components, whose fluxes decreased by 32% and 53%, respectively. This study revealed local urban sources such as vehicular emissions, coal-fired power plants, shipping activities, docks/ports infrastructure and municipal solid waste recycling units as predominant contributors to PM-bound and gas-phase PAHs.
家长多环芳烃（PAHs）在 2021 年 5 月至 8 月期间在波兰沿海城市进行了气相和颗粒相的测量，以研究其化学特性、分布、来源、沉积通量以及与基本气象驱动因素的相互作用。气相中 PAHs 的平均浓度（26.26±15.83ng/m）明显高于颗粒相（1.77±1.26ng/m）。气相中菲（Phe）的浓度最高，其次是荧蒽（Flt）、苊烯（Ace）和萘（Naph）。每个 PAHs 组对颗粒相的总浓度的贡献分别为 3-、4-、5-和 6-环化合物的 50%、25%、14%和 12%。ΣPAH 的平均沉积通量为 59±24ng/m·天。在整个野外考察期间，通常在降水事件后观察到 PM 结合的 PAHs 的有效去除。基于统计分析，发现与 5-和 6-环成分相比，4-环 PAHs （25%）被每日降水去除的效率较低，其通量分别减少了 32%和 53%。本研究揭示了本地城市来源，如机动车排放、燃煤电厂、航运活动、码头/港口基础设施和城市固体废物回收单位，是 PM 结合和气相 PAHs 的主要贡献者。
