Changzhou Vocational Institute of Industry Technology, Changzhou 213164, China.
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Molecules. 2023 Feb 22;28(5):2042. doi: 10.3390/molecules28052042.
Polyelectrolyte has wide applications in biomedicine, agriculture and soft robotics. However, it is among one of the least understood physical systems because of the complex interplay of electrostatics and polymer nature. In this review, a comprehensive description is presented on experimental and theoretical studies of the activity coefficient, one of the most important thermodynamic properties of polyelectrolyte. Experimental methods to measure the activity coefficient were introduced, including direct potentiometric measurement and indirect methods such as isopiestic measurement and solubility measurement. Next, progress on the various theoretical approaches was presented, ranging from analytical, empirical and simulation methods. Finally, challenges for future development are proposed on this field.
聚电解质在生物医药、农业和软机器人等领域有广泛的应用。然而，由于静电和聚合物性质的复杂相互作用，它是最不被了解的物理体系之一。在这篇综述中，全面介绍了聚电解质活度系数这一最重要的热力学性质的实验和理论研究。介绍了测量活度系数的实验方法，包括直接电位法测量和等压测量、溶解度测量等间接方法。接下来，介绍了各种理论方法的进展，包括分析、经验和模拟方法。最后，对该领域的未来发展提出了挑战。
