Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.
Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, College of Recreation and Health Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2023 Feb 23;15(5):1113. doi: 10.3390/nu15051113.
Although vitamin D is antithrombotic, associations between serum vitamin D status and the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remain inconsistent.
We searched the EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases from inception to June 2022 to identify observational studies examining associations between vitamin D status and VTE risk in adults. The primary outcome presented as odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) was the association of vitamin D levels with the risk of VTE. Secondary outcomes included the impacts of vitamin D status (i.e., deficiency or insufficiency), study design, and the presence of neurological diseases on the associations.
Pooled evidence from a meta-analysis of sixteen observational studies, including 47648 individuals published from 2013 to 2021, revealed a negative relationship between vitamin D levels and the risk of VTE either based on OR (1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37 to 2.20, < 0.00001; I = 31%, 14 studies, 16074 individuals) or HR (1.25, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.46, = 0.006; I = 0%, 3 studies, 37,564 individuals). This association remained significant in subgroup analyses of the study design and in the presence of neurological diseases. Compared to individuals with normal vitamin D status, an increased risk of VTE was noted in those with vitamin D deficiency (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.11) but not with vitamin D insufficiency.
This meta-analysis demonstrated a negative association between serum vitamin D status and the risk of VTE. Further studies are required to investigate the potential beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on the long-term risk of VTE.
尽管维生素 D 具有抗血栓作用，但血清维生素 D 状态与静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）风险之间的关联仍不一致。
我们从建库到 2022 年 6 月在 EMBASE、MEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了检索，以确定观察性研究，这些研究检查了维生素 D 状态与成年人 VTE 风险之间的关系。主要结果表现为比值比（OR）或风险比（HR），即维生素 D 水平与 VTE 风险的关系。次要结果包括维生素 D 状态（即缺乏或不足）、研究设计和存在神经系统疾病对关联的影响。
荟萃分析纳入了 16 项观察性研究的汇总证据，共包括 2013 年至 2021 年发表的 47648 名参与者，结果表明维生素 D 水平与 VTE 风险之间存在负相关关系，无论是基于 OR（1.74，95%置信区间（CI）：1.37 至 2.20，<0.00001；I = 31%，14 项研究，16074 名参与者）还是 HR（1.25，95%CI：1.07 至 1.46，= 0.006；I = 0%，3 项研究，37564 名参与者）。在研究设计的亚组分析和存在神经系统疾病的情况下，这种关联仍然显著。与维生素 D 状态正常的个体相比，维生素 D 缺乏的个体 VTE 风险增加（OR = 2.03，95%CI：1.33 至 3.11），但维生素 D 不足的个体则不然。
这项荟萃分析表明，血清维生素 D 状态与 VTE 风险之间存在负相关。需要进一步研究以调查维生素 D 补充对 VTE 长期风险的潜在有益作用。
