State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 Jul;12(17):e2202787. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202202787. Epub 2023 Mar 26.
Transcatheter arterial embolization, a minimally invasive treatment to deliberately occlude the blood vessels, has become a safe and effective procedure for the management of vascular diseases and benign/malignant tumors. Particularly, hydrogel-based embolic agents have garnered much attention because of their potential to address some of the limitations of clinically used embolic agents and can be rationally designed to impart more favorable characteristics or functions. In this review, the recent progress toward the development of polymer-based hydrogels for effective endovascular embolization, including the in situ gelling hydrogels mediated by physically or chemically crosslinking, imageable hydrogels for intraprocedural and postprocedural feedback, use of hydrogels as the drug depot for local delivery of therapeutic drugs, hemostatic hydrogels inducing extrinsic or intrinsic coagulation of blood, stimuli-responsive shape memory hydrogels as the smart embolization devices, and hydrogels incorporating external-stimuli functional materials for multidisciplinary therapy, is systemically summarized. Moreover, the potential considerations of hydrogel-based embolic agents confronted in therapeutic embolization are pointed out. Finally, the perspectives for the development of more effective embolic hydrogels are also highlighted.
经导管动脉栓塞术是一种微创治疗方法，旨在故意阻塞血管，已成为治疗血管疾病和良/恶性肿瘤的安全有效方法。特别是，水凝胶基栓塞剂因其具有解决临床应用栓塞剂的一些局限性的潜力而备受关注，并且可以合理设计以赋予更有利的特性或功能。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了用于有效经腔内栓塞的聚合物基水凝胶的最新进展，包括物理或化学交联介导的原位凝胶化水凝胶、用于术中术中和术后反馈的可成像水凝胶、将水凝胶用作治疗药物局部递药的药物库、止血水凝胶诱导血液的外在或内在凝固、作为智能栓塞装置的刺激响应形状记忆水凝胶、以及结合外部刺激功能材料用于多学科治疗的水凝胶。此外，还指出了治疗栓塞中面临的水凝胶基栓塞剂的潜在考虑因素。最后，还强调了开发更有效的栓塞水凝胶的前景。
