Baltariu Isabelle Cristina, Enea Violeta, Kaffenberger Jan, Duiverman Lena Marie, Aan Het Rot Marije
Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Romania.
Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Romania.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023 Apr 1;245:109830. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109830. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
Alcohol effects on social cognition have been studied by measuring facial emotion recognition, empathy, Theory of Mind (ToM) and other forms of information processing.
Using the PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed experimental studies that examined acute effects of alcohol on social cognition.
Scopus, PsycInfo, PubMed, and Embase were searched between July 2020 - January 2023. The PICO strategy was used for identifying participants, interventions, comparators, and outcomes. Participants (N = 2330) were adult social alcohol users. Interventions consisted of acute alcohol administration. Comparators included placebo or the lowest alcohol dose. Outcome variables were grouped into three themes: facial processing, empathy and ToM, and perceptions of inappropriate sexual behavior.
A total of 32 studies were reviewed. Studies measuring facial processing (67%) often found no effects of alcohol on the recognition of specific emotions, facilitated emotion recognition at lower doses and worsened emotion recognition at higher doses. In studies measuring empathy or ToM (24%), lower doses were more likely to lead to improvements while higher doses were generally impairing. Within the third group of studies (9%), moderate to high alcohol doses made it more difficult to perceive sexual aggression accurately.
Lower alcohol doses might sometimes help facilitate social cognition, but most data were in line with the idea that alcohol tends to worsen social cognition, particularly at higher doses. Future studies might focus on examining other moderators of the effects of alcohol on social cognition, particularly interpersonal characteristics such as trait emotional empathy, and participant and target gender.
通过测量面部情绪识别、同理心、心理理论（ToM）和其他信息处理形式，对酒精对社会认知的影响进行了研究。
使用PRISMA指南，我们回顾了研究酒精对社会认知急性影响的实验研究。
于2020年7月至2023年1月期间在Scopus、PsycInfo、PubMed和Embase数据库进行检索。采用PICO策略确定参与者、干预措施、对照和结果。参与者（N = 2330）为成年社交饮酒者。干预措施包括急性酒精给药。对照包括安慰剂或最低酒精剂量。结果变量分为三个主题：面部处理、同理心和心理理论，以及对不当性行为的认知。
共回顾了32项研究。测量面部处理的研究（67%）通常发现酒精对特定情绪的识别没有影响，较低剂量时促进情绪识别，而较高剂量时则会使情绪识别恶化。在测量同理心或心理理论的研究中（24%），较低剂量更有可能带来改善，而较高剂量通常会产生损害。在第三组研究中（9%），中度至高度酒精剂量使准确感知性侵犯变得更加困难。
较低的酒精剂量有时可能有助于促进社会认知，但大多数数据与酒精往往会恶化社会认知的观点一致，尤其是在较高剂量时。未来的研究可能侧重于研究酒精对社会认知影响的其他调节因素，特别是人际特征，如特质情绪同理心，以及参与者和目标对象的性别。
