Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, United States of America.
Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, United States of America.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Jun 1;330:180-187. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.004. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between racial discrimination and 12-month and lifetime DSM-IV anxiety disorders among African American men and women.
Data was drawn from the African American sample of the National Survey of American Life (N = 3570). Racial discrimination was assessed with the Everyday Discrimination Scale. 12-month and lifetime DSM-IV outcomes were any anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and agoraphobia (AG). Logistic regressions were utilized to assess the relationships between discrimination and anxiety disorders.
The data indicated that racial discrimination was associated with increased odds for 12-month and lifetime anxiety disorders, AG, and PD and lifetime SAD among men. Regarding 12-month disorders among women, racial discrimination was associated with increased odds for any anxiety disorder, PTSD, SAD, and PD. With respect to lifetime disorders among women, racial discrimination was associated with increased odds for any anxiety disorder, PTSD, GAD, SAD, and PD.
The limitations of this study include the utilization of cross-sectional data, self-reported measures, and the exclusion of non-community dwelling individuals.
The current investigation showed that African American men and women are not impacted by racial discrimination in the same ways. These findings suggest that the mechanisms through which discrimination operates among men and women to influence anxiety disorders is potentially a relevant target for interventions to address gender disparities in anxiety disorders.
本研究旨在评估种族歧视与非裔美国男女的 12 个月和终身 DSM-IV 焦虑障碍之间的关联。
数据来自全国生活调查（N=3570）的非裔美国人样本。日常歧视量表评估种族歧视。12 个月和终身 DSM-IV 结果为任何焦虑障碍、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）、惊恐障碍（PD）、社交焦虑障碍（SAD）和广场恐怖症（AG）。利用逻辑回归评估歧视与焦虑障碍之间的关系。
数据表明，种族歧视与 12 个月和终身焦虑障碍、AG 和 PD 以及终身 SAD 的男性发病几率增加有关。对于女性的 12 个月障碍，种族歧视与任何焦虑障碍、PTSD、SAD 和 PD 的发病几率增加有关。对于女性的终身障碍，种族歧视与任何焦虑障碍、PTSD、GAD、SAD 和 PD 的发病几率增加有关。
本研究的局限性包括使用横断面数据、自我报告的测量以及排除非社区居住者。
目前的调查表明，非裔美国男女受到种族歧视的影响方式不同。这些发现表明，歧视在男性和女性中影响焦虑障碍的机制可能是解决焦虑障碍中性别差异的干预措施的一个相关目标。
