Kirschen Gregory W, Burd Irina
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Virol. 2023;3. doi: 10.3389/fviro.2023.1106634. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
In addition to facilitating nutrient, oxygen, and waste transfer between developing fetus and mother, the placenta provides important immune barrier function against infection. Elucidation of the complexity of placental barrier function at the maternal-fetal interface has been greatly aided through experimental model organism systems. In this review, we focus on models of vertical transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ubiquitous double-stranded DNA viruses whose vertical transmission during pregnancy can lead to devastating neurological and obstetric sequelae. We review the current evidence related to guinea pig and murine models of congenital CMV infection, discuss the possible translatability of a non-human primate model, and conclude with recently developed technology using human placental organoids.
除了促进发育中的胎儿与母亲之间的营养物质、氧气和废物交换外，胎盘还提供重要的免疫屏障功能以抵御感染。通过实验模型生物系统，极大地有助于阐明母胎界面胎盘屏障功能的复杂性。在本综述中，我们重点关注巨细胞病毒（CMV）的垂直传播模型，CMV是一种普遍存在的双链DNA病毒，其在孕期的垂直传播可导致严重的神经和产科后遗症。我们综述了与先天性CMV感染的豚鼠和小鼠模型相关的现有证据，讨论了非人灵长类动物模型的可能可转化性，并以最近开发的使用人胎盘类器官的技术作为总结。
