Liu Jiawei, Derrington Edmund, Bénistant Julien, Corgnet Brice, Van der Henst Jean-Baptiste, Tang Zixuan, Qu Chen, Dreher Jean-Claude
Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Feb 24;14:1087979. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1087979. eCollection 2023.
Social discounting predicts that one's concern for others decreases with increasing social distance. Cultural dimensions may influence this social behavior. Here, we used a dictator game, in which the participants and real members of their social entourage profited from the partition of the endowments determined by the participant, to compare how Chinese and French university students shared endowments with people at different social distances. We tested two hypotheses based on the concepts of kinship premium and cultural collectivism. Stronger ties between close family members were expected among Chinese. This may predict a larger "kinship premium," i.e., increased generosity to family members at close social distances, in Chinese relative to French participants. Similarly, because collectivism is thought to be stronger in Asian than western societies, greater generosity at larger social distances might also be expected among Chinese participants. The results showed that Chinese were more generous than French at close social distances but discounted more as social distance increased. This difference between French and Chinese was confined to family members and no significant difference in generosity was observed between French and Chinese for non-family members at any social distance. Our findings evidence a stronger kinship premium among Chinese than French students, and no significant effect of cultural collectivism.
社会折扣效应表明，一个人对他人的关心会随着社会距离的增加而减少。文化维度可能会影响这种社会行为。在此，我们采用了独裁者博弈，即参与者及其社交圈中的真实成员从参与者决定的捐赠分配中获利，以比较中国和法国的大学生如何与处于不同社会距离的人分享捐赠。我们基于亲属溢价和文化集体主义的概念检验了两个假设。预计中国人中近亲家庭成员之间的联系更为紧密。这可能预示着相对于法国参与者，中国参与者会有更大的“亲属溢价”，即在亲密社会距离下对家庭成员更加慷慨。同样，由于人们认为亚洲社会的集体主义比西方社会更强，因此预计中国参与者在更大的社会距离下也会更加慷慨。结果显示，在亲密社会距离下，中国人比法国人更慷慨，但随着社会距离的增加，折扣更多。法国人和中国人之间的这种差异仅限于家庭成员，在任何社会距离下，法国人和中国人在非家庭成员方面的慷慨程度没有显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，中国学生比法国学生有更强的亲属溢价，且文化集体主义没有显著影响。
