Yan Huiru, Zhang Yuyanan, Lu Zhe, Li Mingzhu, Ge Yuqi, Mei Dongli, Kang Zhewei, Sun Yaoyao, Li Qianqian, Yan Hao, Yang Lei, Song Peihua, Shi Chuan, Shang Shaomei, Yue Weihua
School of Nursing & Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Research Unit of Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Cognitive Disorder (2018RU006), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Feb 23;14:1098178. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1098178. eCollection 2023.
Identifying high-risk groups of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) with multiple risk factors and different functional subtypes contribute to implementing person-centered interventions.
We investigated NSSI profiles among a sample of 258 psychiatric inpatients aged 18-25 years. All participants completed well-validated measures of internal personal and external environmental characteristics. One-hundred and ninety patients reported a lifetime history of NSSI and completed an additional NSSI assessment. A k-means cluster analysis was conducted to extract characteristics of risk factors and functional subtypes. Independent sample -test, analysis of variance and χ test were used to test the difference of demographic statistical factors, risk factors and functional scores among groups with different frequency of NSSI.
The clustering of risk factors analyses supported 4-clusters. The proportion of repeat NSSI patients was the highest (67.1%) in the group with unfavorable personal and unfavorable environmental characteristics. Functional subtype clustering analyses supported 5-clusters. Among patients with repeated NSSI, those with depression were mainly accompanied by the "Sensation Seeking" subtype (39.7%), bipolar disorder mainly supported the "Anti-suicide" subtype (37.9%), and eating disorders were mostly "Social Influence" subtype (33.3%). There was an interaction between functional subtypes and mental disorders.
All participants were in treatment in a psychiatric service and the results may not be generalizable to a community sample. The data included retrospective self-report which may be inaccurate due to recall bias.
It is necessary to identify high-risk groups of NSSI who with unfavorable personal and environmental characteristics and clinical interventions need to consider the heterogeneity of patients' functional subtypes of NSSI.
识别具有多种风险因素和不同功能亚型的非自杀性自伤（NSSI）高危人群有助于实施以人为本的干预措施。
我们调查了258名年龄在18 - 25岁的精神科住院患者样本中的NSSI情况。所有参与者都完成了关于个人内部和外部环境特征的有效测量。190名患者报告有NSSI终生史，并完成了额外的NSSI评估。进行了k均值聚类分析以提取风险因素和功能亚型的特征。使用独立样本t检验、方差分析和χ检验来检验不同NSSI频率组之间人口统计学统计因素、风险因素和功能得分的差异。
风险因素聚类分析支持4个聚类。在个人特征不利且环境特征不利的组中，重复NSSI患者的比例最高（67.1%）。功能亚型聚类分析支持5个聚类。在重复NSSI的患者中，抑郁症患者主要伴有“感觉寻求”亚型（39.7%），双相情感障碍主要支持“反自杀”亚型（37.9%），饮食失调大多为“社会影响”亚型（33.3%）。功能亚型与精神障碍之间存在相互作用。
所有参与者均在精神科接受治疗，结果可能不适用于社区样本。数据包括回顾性自我报告，可能因回忆偏差而不准确。
有必要识别具有不利个人和环境特征的NSSI高危人群，临床干预需要考虑患者NSSI功能亚型的异质性。
