Center for Comparative Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Mar 13;261(7):952-958. doi: 10.2460/javma.22.12.0582. Print 2023 Jul 1.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man-made chemicals that are colorless, odorless, and oil and water repellent. Their widespread use in manufacturing and industrial processes has resulted in environmental contamination found across the world. Exposure to PFAS can lead to a variety of adverse human health outcomes such as increased cholesterol, liver damage, immune suppression, and disruption of endocrine and reproductive systems. Exposure to this family of chemicals is considered a significant public health threat. Though nearly every human and animal around the world has been exposed, most of what is known regarding health effects and toxicological processes of PFAS in animals stems from human epidemiological and laboratory animal studies. Discoveries of PFAS contamination on dairy farms and concerns for companion animals have increased interest in PFAS research related to our veterinary patients. In the limited studies published to date, PFAS has been demonstrated in serum, liver, kidneys, and milk of production animals and has been linked to changes in liver enzymes, cholesterol levels, and thyroid hormones in dogs and cats. This is further addressed in the companion Currents in One Health by Brake et al, AJVR, April 2023. There is a gap in understanding the routes of exposure, absorption of PFAS, and adverse health effects among our veterinary patients. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature on PFAS in animals and discuss the implications for our veterinary patients.
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是人工合成的化学物质，它们无色、无味、具有疏油和疏水性能。由于在制造和工业过程中的广泛应用，这些物质已经造成了世界各地的环境污染。接触 PFAS 可能导致多种不良的人类健康后果，如胆固醇升高、肝损伤、免疫抑制以及内分泌和生殖系统紊乱。这类化学物质的接触被认为是一个重大的公共卫生威胁。尽管世界各地几乎每个人和动物都接触过这些化学物质，但关于 PFAS 在动物体内的健康影响和毒理学过程的大部分知识都来自人类流行病学和实验动物研究。在奶牛场发现的 PFAS 污染以及对伴侣动物的担忧，增加了人们对与兽医患者相关的 PFAS 研究的兴趣。在迄今为止发表的有限研究中，PFAS 已在生产动物的血清、肝脏、肾脏和牛奶中被检测到，并与狗和猫的肝脏酶、胆固醇水平和甲状腺激素变化有关。这在 Brake 等人发表的 AJVR 上的 Currents in One Health 中有进一步讨论。目前，我们对兽医患者接触 PFAS 的途径、吸收以及不良健康影响的了解还存在差距。本综述的目的是总结目前关于动物体内 PFAS 的文献，并讨论其对我们兽医患者的影响。
