Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Lombardia, Italy.
Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia, Italy.
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Jul;19(4):307-315. doi: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2351885. Epub 2024 May 19.
The environmental spread of pollutants has led to a persistent exposure of living beings to multiple chemicals, by now become ubiquitous in the surrounding environment. Environmental exposure to these substances has been reported to cause multi- and/or transgenerational health effects. Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances (PFAS) raise great concern, given their known effects both as endocrine disruptors and potential carcinogens. The multi/trans-generational effects of different endocrine disruptors have been investigated by several studies, and harmful effects observed also for PFAS.
This review examines the current data on the multi-trans-generational effects of PFAS, with a focus on their impact on the thyroid axis. The aim is to determine if there is evidence of potential multi-trans-generational effects of PFAS on the thyroid and/or if more research is needed.
PFAS exposure impacts thyroid homeostasis and can cross the placental barrier. In addition PFAS have shown multi-transgenerational effects in laboratory experiences and animal models, but thyroid disruptive effects of PFAS were also investigated only in a small number of these studies. Efforts are needed to study the adverse effects of PFAS, as not all PFAS are regulated and removal strategies are still being developed.
污染物在环境中的扩散导致生物持续暴露于多种化学物质中，这些化学物质现在已经无处不在。有报道称，这些物质的环境暴露会导致多代和/或跨代健康影响。全氟和多氟化合物 (PFAS) 引起了极大的关注，因为它们作为内分泌干扰物和潜在的致癌物质已知具有影响。已经有几项研究调查了不同内分泌干扰物的多/跨代效应，并且观察到 PFAS 也具有有害影响。
本文综述了关于 PFAS 的多代际效应的现有数据，重点关注其对甲状腺轴的影响。目的是确定是否有证据表明 PFAS 对甲状腺有潜在的多代际影响，或者是否需要更多的研究。
PFAS 暴露会影响甲状腺的稳态，并可穿过胎盘屏障。此外，PFAS 在实验室实验和动物模型中已经显示出多代际效应，但在这些研究中，只有少数研究调查了 PFAS 的甲状腺干扰作用。需要努力研究 PFAS 的不良影响，因为并非所有 PFAS 都受到监管，并且去除策略仍在开发中。
