Dai Yiqiang, Wang Zhe, Li Jing, Xu Zhuang, Qian Cong, Xia Xiudong, Liu Yang, Feng Yanfang
Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Key Laboratory of Integrated Planting and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
Environ Res. 2023 Jun 1;226:115662. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115662. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
Soy whey is an abundant, nutrient-rich and safe wastewater produced in tofu processing, so it is necessary to valorize it instead of discarding it as sewage. Whether soy whey can be used as a fertilizer substitute for agricultural production is unclear. In this study, the effects of soy whey serving as a nitrogen source to substitute urea on soil NH volatilization, dissolved organic matter (DOM) components and cherry tomato qualities were investigated by soil column experiment. Results showed that the soil NH-N concentrations and pH values of the 50% soy whey fertilizer combined with 50% urea (50%-SW) and 100% soy whey fertilizer (100%-SW) treatments were lower than those of 100% urea treatment (CKU). Compared with CKU, 50%-SW and 100%-SW treatments increased the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) by 6.52-100.89%, protease activity by 66.22-83.78%, the contents of total organic carbon (TOC) by 16.97-35.64%, humification index (HIX) of soil DOM by 13.57-17.99%, and average weight per fruit of cherry tomato by 13.46-18.56%, respectively. Moreover, soy whey as liquid organic fertilizer reduced the soil NH volatilization by 18.65-25.27% and the fertilization cost by 25.94-51.87% compared with CKU. This study provides a promising option with economic and environmental benefits for soy whey utilization and cherry tomato production, which contributes to the win-win effectiveness of sustainable production for both the soy products industry and agriculture.
大豆乳清是豆腐加工过程中产生的一种产量丰富、营养丰富且安全的废水，因此有必要对其进行增值利用，而不是作为污水丢弃。大豆乳清能否用作农业生产的肥料替代品尚不清楚。在本研究中，通过土壤柱实验研究了大豆乳清作为氮源替代尿素对土壤氨挥发、溶解有机物（DOM）组分和樱桃番茄品质的影响。结果表明，50%大豆乳清肥料与50%尿素混合（50%-SW）和100%大豆乳清肥料（100%-SW）处理的土壤铵态氮浓度和pH值低于100%尿素处理（CKU）。与CKU相比，50%-SW和100%-SW处理使氨氧化细菌（AOB）丰度提高了6.52-100.89%，蛋白酶活性提高了66.22-83.78%，总有机碳（TOC）含量提高了16.97-35.64%，土壤DOM的腐殖化指数（HIX）提高了13.57-17.99%，樱桃番茄单果重分别提高了13.46-18.56%。此外，与CKU相比，大豆乳清作为液体有机肥料可使土壤氨挥发降低18.65-25.27%，施肥成本降低25.94-51.87%。本研究为大豆乳清的利用和樱桃番茄的生产提供了一个具有经济和环境效益的有前景的选择，有助于豆制品行业和农业可持续生产的双赢成效。
