Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 2):113997. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113997. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
Biogas slurry (BS) and hydrothermal carbonization aqueous products (HAP), which are rich in nitrogen (N) and dissolved organic matter (DOM), can be used as organic fertilizer to substitute inorganic N fertilizer. To evaluate the effects of co-application of BS and HAP on the ammonia (NH) volatilization and soil DOM content in wheat growth season, we compared six treatments that substituting 50%, 75%, and 100% of urea-N with BS plus HAP at low (L) or high (H) ratio, named BCL50, BCL75, BCL100, BCH50, BCH75, BCH100, respectively. Meanwhile, urea alone treatment was set as the control (CKU). The results showed that both BCL and BCH treatments significantly mitigate the NH volatilizations by 9.1%-45.6% in comparison with CKU (P < 0.05), whose effects were correlated with soil NH-N content. In addition, the decrease in soil urease activity contributed to the lower NH volatilization following application of BS plus HAP. Notably, BS plus HAP applications increased the microbial byproduct- and humic acid-like substances in soil by 9.9%-74.5% and 100.7%-451.9%, respectively. Consequently, BS and HAP amended treatments significantly increased soil humification index and DOM content by 13.7%-41.2% and 38.4%-158.7%, respectively (P < 0.05). This study suggested that BS and HAP could be co-applied into agricultural soil as a potential alternative of inorganic fertilizer N, which can decrease NH loss but increase soil fertility.
沼液（BS）和水热碳化水产物（HAP）富含氮（N）和溶解有机质（DOM），可用作有机肥料替代无机 N 肥料。为了评估 BS 和 HAP 共施对小麦生长季氨（NH）挥发和土壤 DOM 含量的影响，我们比较了 6 种处理，即用 BS 和 HAP 替代 50%、75%和 100%的尿素-N，低（L）或高（H）比例，分别命名为 BCL50、BCL75、BCL100、BCH50、BCH75、BCH100，同时，单独用尿素处理作为对照（CKU）。结果表明，与 CKU 相比，BCL 和 BCH 处理分别显著减少了 9.1%-45.6%的 NH 挥发（P<0.05），其效果与土壤 NH-N 含量相关。此外，BS 和 HAP 施用后土壤脲酶活性的降低导致 NH 挥发减少。值得注意的是，BS 和 HAP 的施用分别增加了土壤微生物副产物和腐殖酸类物质 9.9%-74.5%和 100.7%-451.9%。因此，BS 和 HAP 处理显著增加了土壤腐殖化指数和 DOM 含量 13.7%-41.2%和 38.4%-158.7%（P<0.05）。本研究表明，BS 和 HAP 可以作为无机肥料 N 的潜在替代品，共施到农业土壤中，减少 NH 损失，但增加土壤肥力。
