Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo 12.602.810, Brazil.
Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut- Condorcet, 7800 ATH, Belgium.
Food Res Int. 2023 Apr;166:112596. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112596. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
In the modern world, animal and plant protein may not meet the sustainability criteria due to their high need for arable land and potable water consumption, among other practices. Considering the growing population and food shortage, finding alternative protein sources for human consumption is an urgent issue that needs to be solved, especially in developing countries. In this context, microbial bioconversion of valuable materials in nutritious microbial cells represent a sustainable alternative to the food chain. Microbial protein, also known as single-cell protein (SCP), consist of algae biomass, fungi or bacteria that are currently used as food source for both humans and animals. Besides contributing as a sustainable source of protein to feed the world, producing SCP, is important to reduce waste disposal problems and production costs meeting the sustainable development goals. However, for microbial protein as feed or food to become an important and sustainable alternative, addressing the challenges of raising awareness and achieving wider public regulatory acceptance is real and must be addressed with care and convenience. In this work, we critically reviewed the potential technologies for microbial protein production, its benefits, safety, and limitations associated with its uses, and perspectives for broader large-scale implementation. We argue that the information documented in this manuscript will assist in developing microbial meat as a major protein source for the vegan world.
在现代社会，由于动物和植物蛋白需要大量的耕地和淡水资源，以及其他一些因素，它们可能不符合可持续性标准。考虑到人口增长和粮食短缺问题，寻找人类食用的替代蛋白质来源是一个亟待解决的问题，特别是在发展中国家。在这种情况下，利用微生物将有价值的物质转化为营养丰富的微生物细胞，为食物链提供了一种可持续的替代方案。微生物蛋白，也称为单细胞蛋白（SCP），由藻类生物量、真菌或细菌组成，目前被用作人类和动物的食物来源。除了作为可持续的蛋白质来源来养活世界之外，生产 SCP 对于减少废物处理问题和降低生产成本以实现可持续发展目标也很重要。然而，要使微生物蛋白作为饲料或食物成为一种重要且可持续的替代品，就必须认真应对提高认识和获得更广泛公众监管认可的挑战。在这项工作中，我们批判性地回顾了微生物蛋白生产的潜在技术、其益处、安全性以及与其使用相关的局限性，并探讨了更广泛的大规模实施的前景。我们认为，本文档中记录的信息将有助于开发微生物肉作为素食世界的主要蛋白质来源。
