Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2023 Sep;58(9):1411-1420. doi: 10.1007/s00127-023-02447-7. Epub 2023 Mar 13.
To investigate the longitudinal association between neighbourhood cohesion and loneliness as well as perceived social isolation prior and during the COVID-19 pandemic (stratified by sex).
Longitudinal data were taken from a nationally representative sample (German Ageing Survey) of inhabitants aged 40 years and over in Germany prior (wave 6: year 2017) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (wave 8: November 2020 until February 2021; n = 6688 observations, mean age was 67.4 years). The De Jong Gierveld tool was used to measure loneliness and the Bude and Lantermann tool was used to measure perceived social isolation. Neighbourhood cohesion was assessed based on different items.
FE regressions showed that decreases in closeness of contact with neighbours were associated with increases in loneliness and perceived social isolation levels among men, but not women. In contrast, decreases in different indicators of involvement in neighbourhood activities were associated with increases in loneliness and perceived social isolation levels among women, but not men.
Changes in neighbourhood factors are differently associated with loneliness and perceived social isolation among middle-aged and older women and men. Gender-specific efforts to avoid loneliness and social isolation are, therefore, needed.
探讨邻里凝聚力与孤独感以及在 COVID-19 大流行期间（按性别分层）感知到的社会隔离之间的纵向关联。
纵向数据来自德国一项具有全国代表性的 40 岁及以上居民样本（德国老龄化调查），该调查在 COVID-19 大流行之前（第 6 波：2017 年）和期间（第 8 波：2020 年 11 月至 2021 年 2 月；n=6688 次观察，平均年龄为 67.4 岁）进行。使用 Jong Gierveld 工具测量孤独感，使用 Bude 和 Lantermann 工具测量感知到的社会隔离。邻里凝聚力根据不同的项目进行评估。
FE 回归显示，与邻居的接触紧密程度下降与男性的孤独感和感知社会隔离程度的增加有关，但与女性无关。相比之下，参与邻里活动的不同指标的下降与女性的孤独感和感知社会隔离程度的增加有关，但与男性无关。
邻里因素的变化与中年和老年女性和男性的孤独感和感知社会隔离程度存在差异。因此，需要针对男性和女性采取具体的措施来避免孤独和社会隔离。
