National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Shanghai Legislative Research Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2023 Mar 13;12(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s40249-023-01067-2.
One Health approach advocates realizing the best health and harmonious symbiosis of human, animal and natural environment through cross-border, multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation. The good governance model is the leading factor for the performance of One Health governance. In order to tackle the complex problems in the One Health governance at the global level, the variation of One Health governance in different countries was analyzed by a set of indicators within the One Health system.
The capacity of One Health governance was assessed after establishment of a set of indicators for the One Health governance index (OHGI) following the methodology of the global One Health index. The data to calculate OHGI was collected from various database sources, including the Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Health Organization, the World Organization for Animal Health, and official health-related institutions of various countries. Eight indicators (including 19 sub-indicators) were employed in the OHGI system to comprehensively evaluate the capacity of One Health governance in 146 countries of the world.
Among the 146 countries scored in the OHGI system, the average score was 34.11, with a median score of 31.49, ranged from 8.50 to 70.28. Most countries with higher OHGI scores come from Europe and Central Asia, East Asia and the Pacific and North America, while countries with the lower OHGI scores are almost from sub-Saharan Africa. Six countries scored more than 65 points, including Australia, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, the United States of America and Finland, indicating that these countries are relatively mature in most aspects of One Health governance. However, there were some developing countries with OHGI scored lower than 15. Therefore, the gap between countries with higher OHGI scores and those with lower OHGI scores is more than 60.
Good governance on One Health is an important indicator to measure One Health's governance capacity. The political stability, the level of rule of law and economic conditions in different regions are significantly correlated with the One Health governance capacity. Actions need to be taken urgently to close the gap of One Health governance between different regions.
One Health 方法主张通过跨境、多部门和跨学科合作，实现人类、动物和自然环境的最佳健康和和谐共生。良好的治理模式是 One Health 治理绩效的主导因素。为了应对全球一级 One Health 治理中的复杂问题，在 One Health 系统内采用了一组指标来分析不同国家的 One Health 治理变化。
在建立了一套用于 One Health 治理指数（OHGI）的指标后，按照全球 One Health 指数的方法对 One Health 治理能力进行了评估。计算 OHGI 的数据来自各种数据库来源，包括粮农组织、世界卫生组织、世界动物卫生组织以及各国的官方卫生相关机构。OHGI 系统采用了 8 项指标（包括 19 个子指标），对全球 146 个国家的 One Health 治理能力进行了综合评估。
在 OHGI 系统评分的 146 个国家中，平均得分为 34.11 分，中位数得分为 31.49 分，范围为 8.50 分至 70.28 分。OHGI 得分较高的国家大多来自欧洲和中亚、东亚和太平洋以及北美，而 OHGI 得分较低的国家几乎都来自撒哈拉以南非洲。有 6 个国家的得分超过 65 分，包括澳大利亚、瑞典、德国、荷兰、美利坚合众国和芬兰，这表明这些国家在 One Health 治理的大多数方面都相对成熟。然而，也有一些发展中国家的 OHGI 得分低于 15。因此，OHGI 得分较高的国家和得分较低的国家之间的差距超过 60 分。
良好的 One Health 治理是衡量 One Health 治理能力的重要指标。不同地区的政治稳定、法治水平和经济状况与 One Health 治理能力显著相关。需要紧急采取行动，缩小不同地区 One Health 治理之间的差距。
