Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Department of Midwifery, University for Development Studies of Ghana, Tamale, Ghana.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Dec 8;43:183. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.183.31794. eCollection 2022.
countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, are disproportionately affected by hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. In these areas, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is an essential mode of HBV transmission. Evidently, timely hepatitis B birth dose vaccination remains an effective preventive intervention against MTCT of HBV. Considering that midwives and physicians are the primary care providers of newborns in Ghana, we sought to examine their preventive practices toward vertical transmission of HBV in the eastern region of Ghana.
a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 126 healthcare providers (HCP; midwives and physicians). The participants were conveniently recruited from one regional hospital and four district hospitals. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 alpha level.
the findings indicate that 42.9% (n = 54) of HCPs' prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) practices for hepatitis B were good (X = 2.57, p > 0.05). Explicitly, 79% indicated screening all pregnant women for hepatitis B as part of antenatal care (X = 41.14, p < 0.001). Additionally, about half of the participants (52.4%) reported providing pre-test counselling (X = 0.29, p > 0.05), whereas one-third (33%) reported routinely administering a birth dose of the hepatitis B vaccine to neonates of mothers with hepatitis B (X = 14.00, p < 0.001). However, only 37% reported administering the hepatitis B vaccine to newborns within 12 hours of birth (X = 9.18, p < 0.01). The binary logistic regression analyses identified training as the only significant predictor of good practice on PMTCT of hepatitis B at the 5% level (Wald = 3.91, p =0.05).
given that more than half of the participants in the study area had incorrect PMTCT practices for hepatitis B, it is imperative that a series of workshops on hepatitis B be done for healthcare providers in Ghana. In addition, hepatitis B birth dose vaccine must be incorporated into the ´Expanded Programme on Immunisation´ to remove the cost that acts as a barrier to access.
撒哈拉以南非洲国家，包括加纳，受到乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的影响不成比例。在这些地区，母婴传播（MTCT）是HBV 传播的主要方式。显然，及时接种乙型肝炎出生剂量疫苗仍然是预防母婴垂直传播 HBV 的有效干预措施。考虑到加纳的助产士和医生是新生儿的主要医疗服务提供者，我们试图研究他们在加纳东部地区预防乙型肝炎母婴垂直传播的做法。
对 126 名医疗保健提供者（助产士和医生）进行了横断面调查。参与者从一家地区医院和四家地区医院中随机招募。统计学意义设为 0.05α 水平。
研究结果表明，42.9%（n=54）的医疗保健提供者（HCP）在乙型肝炎的母婴传播（PMTCT）预防措施方面表现良好（X=2.57，p＞0.05）。明确地，79%的人表示在产前护理中筛查所有孕妇是否患有乙型肝炎（X=41.14，p＜0.001）。此外，约一半的参与者（52.4%）表示提供了产前咨询（X=0.29，p＞0.05），而三分之一（33%）表示常规为乙型肝炎母亲的新生儿接种乙型肝炎疫苗出生剂量（X=14.00，p＜0.001）。然而，只有 37%的人表示在新生儿出生后 12 小时内接种乙型肝炎疫苗（X=9.18，p＜0.01）。二元逻辑回归分析确定培训是在 5%水平上对乙型肝炎母婴传播良好实践的唯一显著预测因素（Wald=3.91，p=0.05）。
鉴于研究地区超过一半的参与者对乙型肝炎的母婴传播预防措施不正确，有必要为加纳的医疗保健提供者举办一系列乙型肝炎研讨会。此外，乙型肝炎出生剂量疫苗必须纳入扩大免疫规划，以消除作为获取障碍的费用。
