Departamento de Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.
Photochem Photobiol. 2023 May-Jun;99(3):882-900. doi: 10.1111/php.13802. Epub 2023 Apr 16.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are widely known for their versatile applications. One of the most extended is as drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This review compiles the most representative examples in the last years of functionalized MSNs as photosensitizer carriers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer. Several commercially available photosensitizers (PSs) demonstrated poor solubility in an aqueous medium and insufficient selectivity for cancer tissues. The tumor specificity of PSs is a key factor for enhancing the PDT effect and at the same time reducing side effects. The use of nanoparticles and particularly MSNs, in which PS is covalently anchored or physically embedded, can overcome these limitations. For that, PS-MSNs can be externally decorated with compounds of interest in order to act as an active target for certain cancer cells, demonstrating enhanced phototoxicity in vitro and in vivo. The objective of this review is to collect and compare different nanosystems based on PS-MSNs pointing out their advantages in PDT against diverse types of cancers.
介孔硅纳米颗粒（MSNs）以其多功能应用而广为人知。其中最广泛的应用之一是作为药物输送系统，用于治疗癌症和其他疾病。本综述汇集了近年来功能化 MSNs 作为光动力疗法（PDT）治疗癌症的光敏剂载体的最具代表性的例子。几种市售的光敏剂（PSs）在水介质中的溶解度差，对癌细胞的选择性不足。PSs 的肿瘤特异性是增强 PDT 效果同时减少副作用的关键因素。使用纳米颗粒，特别是 MSNs，其中 PS 被共价锚定或物理嵌入，可以克服这些限制。为此，可以用感兴趣的化合物对外修饰 PS-MSNs，使其成为某些癌细胞的主动靶点，在体外和体内表现出增强的光毒性。本综述的目的是收集和比较基于 PS-MSNs 的不同纳米系统，指出它们在针对不同类型癌症的 PDT 中的优势。
