Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST)/ IRSAT / Département Technologie Alimentaire (DTA) / Bobo-Dioulasso, 03 BP 2393 Bobo-Dioulasso 03, Burkina Faso; Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'Immunologie Appliquée (LABIA). UFR en Sciences de la vie et de la terre. Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies. Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Université de Dédougou, UFR/SAT, Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, BP 176 Dédougou, Burkina Faso.
J Food Prot. 2023 Mar;86(3):100061. doi: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100061. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
In the past, studies on antimicrobial resistance were carried out on pathogens in the clinical areas. However, since then, this phenomenon has become a general case both in the environment and in the food sector. This systematic review aimed to review the various scientific publications on the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics in foods in West Africa.
An extensive literature search was carried out through an electronic database including PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and African Journals Online (AJOL). Articles published from fifteen countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) between 2010 and 2020 on antibiotic resistance of foodborne pathogens were included in the study. The titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles and then the full texts of the selected articles were reviewed.
Out of the 565 articles found in our initial research, 149 publications (26.55%) were considered suitable for inclusion in this review. Globally, 2018, 2019, and 2020 had more included papers (n = 21 to 25) than the other years. Of the 149 publications analyzed, four types of food commodities were identified as products of high consumption based on the number of publications in the field such as poultry (39/149), read-to-eat food (22/149), meat, and animal products (20/149). Most studies have shown that E. coli has the highest prevalence followed by Salmonella and Staphylococcus. Only 33 (22.14%) of the 149 publications were based on further molecular characterization of the isolates. Publications analyzed showed that the most prevalent detected genes were tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(K) blaTEM, catA1, catA2, cmlA, blaCTXM and qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, parC, and qepA4.
From these results, antibiotic use in the food areas must be strongly regulated, especially in developing countries, particularly in Africa. This highlights the need to implement suitable and appropriate control strategies to reduce complications and prevent the dissemination of resistant bacteria isolates in foods. One health antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in the region must be a great concern.
过去，针对临床区域病原体的抗微生物药物耐药性研究已经开展。然而，自那时以来，这种现象在环境和食品部门已变得普遍。本系统评价旨在回顾在西非食品中细菌对抗生素耐药性的各种科学出版物。
通过电子数据库（包括 PubMed、Google Scholar、Research Gate 和 African Journals Online (AJOL)）进行广泛的文献检索。研究纳入了 2010 年至 2020 年期间在西非经济共同体（ECOWAS）的 15 个国家发表的关于食源性病原体抗生素耐药性的文章。检索文章的标题和摘要，然后审查所选文章的全文。
在最初的研究中发现了 565 篇文章，其中有 149 篇（26.55%）被认为适合纳入本综述。在全球范围内，2018 年、2019 年和 2020 年的纳入论文数量（n=21-25）多于其他年份。在分析的 149 篇出版物中，根据该领域出版物数量，确定了四种高消费食品商品，分别为家禽（39/149）、即食食品（22/149）、肉类和动物产品（20/149）。大多数研究表明，大肠杆菌的流行率最高，其次是沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。在 149 篇出版物中，只有 33 篇（22.14%）基于对分离株的进一步分子特征描述。分析的出版物表明，最常见的检测基因是 tet(A)、tet(B)、tet(C)、tet(K)blaTEM、catA1、catA2、cmlA、blaCTXM 和 qnrA、qnrB、qnrS、parC 和 qepA4。
从这些结果可以看出，必须严格管理食品领域的抗生素使用，特别是在发展中国家，尤其是在非洲。这突显了必须实施适当和适当的控制策略，以减少并发症并防止耐药细菌分离株在食品中的传播。该地区的“同一健康”抗微生物药物耐药性监测系统必须是一个重要关注点。
