From the Department of Biobehavioral Health (Fernández-Rhodes, McArdle, Rao), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Carolina Population Center (Fernández-Rhodes, Martinez-Miller, Ward) and Department of Epidemiology (Fernández-Rhodes, Wang, Martinez-Miller, Ward, North), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Clinical Sciences (Martinez-Miller), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; Social & Scientific Systems (Ward), a DLH Holdings Company, Durham; Department of Biostatistics (Cai), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Biostatistics (Sofer), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health and Pediatrics (Isasi), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York; and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences (North), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Psychosom Med. 2023 May 1;85(4):358-365. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000001193. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
In the United States, Hispanic/Latino adults face a high burden of obesity; yet, not all individuals are equally affected, partly due in part to this ethnic group's marked sociocultural diversity. We sought to analyze the modification of body mass index (BMI) genetic effects in Hispanic/Latino adults by their level of acculturation, a complex biosocial phenomenon that remains understudied.
Among 11,747 Hispanic/Latinos adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos aged 18 to 76 years from four urban communities (2008-2011), we a) tested our hypothesis that the effect of a genetic risk score (GRS) for increased BMI may be exacerbated by higher levels of acculturation and b) examined if GRS acculturation interactions varied by gender or Hispanic/Latino background group. All genetic modeling controlled for relatedness, age, gender, principal components of ancestry, center, and complex study design within a generalized estimated equation framework.
We observed a GRS increase of 0.34 kg/m 2 per risk allele in weighted mean BMI. The estimated main effect of GRS on BMI varied both across acculturation level and across gender. The difference between high and low acculturation ranged from 0.03 to 0.23 kg/m 2 per risk allele, but varied across acculturation measure and gender.
These results suggest the presence of effect modification by acculturation, with stronger effects on BMI among highly acculturated individuals and female immigrants. Future studies of obesity in the Hispanic/Latino community should account for sociocultural environments and consider their intersection with gender to better target obesity interventions.
在美国，西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人肥胖负担沉重；然而，并非所有个体都受到同等影响，部分原因是该族裔具有显著的社会文化多样性。我们试图分析西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人的体重指数（BMI）遗传效应受其文化适应程度的影响，这种复杂的生物社会现象仍研究不足。
在四个城市社区（2008-2011 年）的 11747 名 18-76 岁的西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究中的西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人中，我们 a）检验了我们的假设，即 BMI 升高的遗传风险评分（GRS）的影响可能会因文化适应程度的升高而加剧，b）检验了 GRS 文化适应相互作用是否因性别或西班牙裔/拉丁裔背景群体而异。所有遗传模型均在广义估计方程框架内控制了亲缘关系、年龄、性别、祖系主成分、中心和复杂研究设计。
我们观察到加权平均 BMI 中每个风险等位基因的 GRS 增加 0.34kg/m2。GRS 对 BMI 的估计主要作用在文化适应程度和性别上均有所不同。高文化适应和低文化适应之间的差异范围为每个风险等位基因 0.03 至 0.23kg/m2，但因文化适应测量和性别而异。
这些结果表明存在文化适应的效应修饰，高文化适应个体和女性移民的 BMI 受影响更大。西班牙裔/拉丁裔社区肥胖的未来研究应考虑社会文化环境，并考虑其与性别的交叉，以更好地针对肥胖干预措施。
