使用制造商推荐的曝光时间对块状充填和传统的树脂基复合材料进行光激活的效果。

Effect of Using Manufacturer-recommended Exposure Times to Photo-activate Bulk-fill and Conventional Resin-based Composites.

机构信息

Luciana Mendes Barcelos, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Stella Sueli Loureiro Braga, DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

出版信息

Oper Dent. 2023 May 1;48(3):304-316. doi: 10.2341/22-021-L.

DOI:10.2341/22-021-L

PMID:36917633

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To analyze the effect of using the resin-based composite manufacturer's recommended exposure time on the degree of conversion (DC), Knoop hardness (KH), and elastic modulus (E) of conventional and bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs).

METHODS

Three resin-based composites (RBCs) were tested: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TET), Opus Bulk Fill APS (OPU), and RBC Vittra APS (VIT). They were photo-activated in 2 mm deep, 6 mm diameter molds for their recommended exposure times of 10 seconds, 20 seconds, or 40 seconds from four light-curing units (LCUs). Two delivered a single emission peak in the blue light region (Optilight Max and Radii-Cal) and two delivered multiple emission peaks in the violet and blue region (VALO Cordless and Bluephase G2). After 24 hours of dry storage at 37°C in the dark, the KH (Kgf/mm2), E (MPa) and DC (%) at the top and bottom surfaces of specimens (n=5) were measured and the results analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Tukey test (α=0.05).

RESULTS

The irradiance (mW/cm2) and spectral irradiance (mW/cm2/nm) from the LCUs were reduced significantly (8-35%) after passing through 2.0 mm of RBC (p<0.001). The DC at the bottom of VIT and TET was less than at the top surface (p<0.001). OPU had the same DC at the top and bottom surface (p=0.341). The KH and E values at the top surface of VIT and TET were substantially higher than at the bottom (p<0.001). OPU exposed for 40 seconds achieved higher mechanical properties than TET that was photo-activated for 10 seconds (p<0.001). The opacity of different bulk-fill RBCs changed differently during the polymerization; OPU became more opaque, whereas TET became more transparent. When exposed for their recommended times, the 2 mm thick RBCs that used Ivocerin or the APS photoinitiator system were adequately photo-activated using either the single or multiple emission peak LCUs (p=0.341).

CONCLUSION

After 24 hours' storage, all the 2 mm thick RBCs photo-cured in 6 mm diameter molds achieved a bottom-to-top hardness ratio of at least 80% when their recommended exposure times were used. TET, when photo-activated for 10 seconds, achieved lower mechanical properties than OPU that had been photo-activated for 40 seconds. The change in opacity of the RBCs was different during photo-activation.

摘要

目的

分析使用树脂基复合材料制造商推荐的曝光时间对传统和块状填充型树脂基复合材料（RBC）的转化率（DC）、努氏硬度（KH）和弹性模量（E）的影响。

方法

测试了三种树脂基复合材料（RBC）：Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill（TET）、Opus Bulk Fill APS（OPU）和 RBC Vittra APS（VIT）。它们在 2 毫米深、6 毫米直径的模具中用四种光固化器（LCU）分别进行 10 秒、20 秒或 40 秒的光激活。其中两个在蓝光区域发射单一发射峰（Optilight Max 和 Radii-Cal），另外两个在紫光和蓝光区域发射多个发射峰（VALO Cordless 和 Bluephase G2）。在 37°C黑暗中干燥储存 24 小时后，测量了试件顶部和底部表面的 KH（Kgf/mm2）、E（MPa）和 DC（%）（n=5），并通过双因素方差分析（ANOVA）进行了分析随后是 Tukey 检验（α=0.05）。

结果

LCU 的辐照度（mW/cm2）和光谱辐照度（mW/cm2/nm）在通过 2.0 毫米 RBC 后显著降低（8-35%）（p<0.001）。VIT 和 TET 底部的 DC 小于顶部（p<0.001）。OPU 在顶部和底部表面具有相同的 DC（p=0.341）。VIT 和 TET 顶部的 KH 和 E 值明显高于底部（p<0.001）。OPU 曝光 40 秒比 TET 曝光 10 秒获得更高的机械性能（p<0.001）。不同块状填充 RBC 的聚合过程中的不透明度变化不同；OPU 变得更不透明，而 TET 变得更透明。当以推荐时间曝光时，使用 Ivocerin 或 APS 光引发剂系统的 2 毫米厚 RBC 使用单发射峰或多发射峰 LCU 均可充分光激活（p=0.341）。