State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1407:329-348. doi: 10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_18.
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is prototype virus in the family of Rhabdoviridae. Reverse genetic platform has enabled the genetic manipulation of VSV as a powerful live viral vector. Replicating-competent VSV is constructed by replacing the original VSV glycoprotein gene with heterologous envelope genes. The resulting recombinant viruses are able to replicate in permissive cells and incorporate the foreign envelope proteins on the surface of the viral particle without changing the bullet-shape morphology. Correspondingly, the cell tropism of replicating-competent VSV is determined by the foreign envelope proteins. Replicating-competent VSVs have been successfully used for selecting critical viral receptors or host factors, screening mutants that escape therapeutic antibodies, and developing VSV-based live viral vaccines.
水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)是 Rhabdoviridae 科的原型病毒。反向遗传平台使 VSV 的遗传操作成为一种强大的活病毒载体。复制型 VSV 通过用异源包膜基因替换原始 VSV 糖蛋白基因来构建。所得重组病毒能够在允许的细胞中复制,并在不改变子弹形形态的情况下在病毒粒子表面掺入外来包膜蛋白。相应地,复制型 VSV 的细胞嗜性由外来包膜蛋白决定。复制型 VSV 已成功用于筛选关键病毒受体或宿主因子、筛选逃避治疗性抗体的突变体以及开发基于 VSV 的活病毒疫苗。