Zhang Lei, Wang Qiang, Yang Xin-Yue, Lü Jun-Ping
School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China.
School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Mar 8;44(3):1758-1767. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202204264.
The conversion of farmland to forest significantly affects soil bacterial communities in the Loess Plateau. However, how soil fungal communities respond to the conversion of farmland to forest is not very clear in this region. To illustrate the problem, the loess hilly area located in Jiajiayao, Youyu County, Shanxi Province was taken as the study area, and soil from farmland (growing corn and millet) and artificial forest (growing sea buckthorn and Caragana) were sampled. Based on 18S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, the effect of the conversion of farmland to forest on soil fungal communities was investigated. Ascomycota dominated (61.03%-78.06%) in both farmland and forest soil, followed by Mucoromycota (12.11%-17.13%) and Basidiomycota (6.15%-18.42%). The relative abundance of other fungal phyla, such as Chytridiomycota, was low. At the genus level, the conversion of farmland to forest significantly affected the abundance of , and . Plant pathogenic fungi belonging to were enriched in farmland. The results of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed that the conversion of farmland to forest significantly affected soil fungal communities in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau. Differences in the community structure were closely related to changes in soil physicochemical properties. Available phosphorus was particularly the main driving factor affecting soil fungal communities. These results can provide scientific references for the ecological benefit evaluation of vegetation restoration in the loess hilly area.
退耕还林对黄土高原土壤细菌群落有显著影响。然而，该地区土壤真菌群落如何响应退耕还林尚不清楚。为阐明这一问题，选取山西省右玉县贾家窑的黄土丘陵区作为研究区域，采集农田（种植玉米和谷子）和人工林（种植沙棘和柠条）的土壤。基于18S rRNA高通量测序，研究了退耕还林对土壤真菌群落的影响。子囊菌门在农田和森林土壤中均占主导地位（61.03%-78.06%），其次是毛霉门（12.11%-17.13%）和担子菌门（6.15%-18.42%）。其他真菌门，如壶菌门的相对丰度较低。在属水平上，退耕还林显著影响了 、 和 的丰度。属于 的植物病原真菌在农田中富集。非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS）和相似性分析（ANOSIM）结果表明，退耕还林显著影响了黄土高原丘陵区的土壤真菌群落。群落结构差异与土壤理化性质变化密切相关。有效磷尤其是影响土壤真菌群落的主要驱动因素。这些结果可为黄土丘陵区植被恢复的生态效益评价提供科学参考。
