Paradissis Chariclia, De Guzman Keshia R, Barras Michael, La Caze Adam, Winckel Karl, Taufatofua Natasha, Falconer Nazanin
School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Pharmacy Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2023 Mar;9:100241. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100241. Epub 2023 Mar 8.
The involvement of pharmacists and pharmacy clinical assistants (CAs) in hospital clinics has demonstrated benefits for improving medication safety and care delivery. Internationally, pharmacy staff played a crucial role in the safe storage, provision and administration of vaccines, as well as reinforcement of pharmacovigilance efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic. In Australia, healthcare providers collaborated to rapidly facilitate a phased COVID-19 vaccination program. The perspectives of the pharmacy team, including pharmacy students, involved in implementing novel health services are underexplored in the literature.
To describe the key learnings in how a team of pharmacists, CAs and pharmacy students contributed to the COVID-19 vaccine service, and to explore their preparedness and experiences working at a vaccination clinic within a quaternary hospital.
This study involved semi-structured interviews with pharmacy students, CAs and pharmacists. All pharmacy staff who worked in the clinic were invited to participate in the study and a snowball strategy was used to maximise recruitment. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using inductive thematic techniques to identify major themes.
A total of 11 participants were interviewed including: four pharmacists, four CAs and three undergraduate students. Using thematic analysis, five main themes were identified: (1) Potential for student value and experiential learning; (2) Adaptive procedures and work practices in a rapidly changing environment; (3) Clear leadership, with role clarity, role expansion and interchangeability; (4) Supportive learning environment and (5) Stakeholder drivers for service delivery and to optimise societal benefit. These five themes often interacted with each other, highlighting the complexities of implementing and operating the service.
The vaccine clinic service provided a novel and valuable opportunity for students, CAs, and pharmacists to work collaboratively, extending their scope of practice to contribute to better national health outcomes. Participants expressed their support for future initiatives involving pharmacy students and healthcare staff collaborating in hospital settings.
药剂师和药房临床助理（CAs）参与医院门诊已证明对提高用药安全性和护理服务有益。在国际上，药房工作人员在疫苗的安全储存、供应和接种以及加强新冠疫情期间的药物警戒工作中发挥了关键作用。在澳大利亚，医疗服务提供者共同努力，迅速推动了分阶段的新冠疫苗接种计划。文献中对参与实施新型医疗服务的药房团队（包括药学专业学生）的观点探讨不足。
描述药剂师、临床助理和药学专业学生团队在新冠疫苗服务中的关键经验教训，并探讨他们在四级医院接种门诊工作的准备情况和经历。
本研究包括对药学专业学生、临床助理和药剂师进行半结构化访谈。邀请所有在该门诊工作的药房工作人员参与研究，并采用滚雪球策略以最大限度地扩大招募范围。访谈进行录音、转录，并使用归纳主题技术进行分析以确定主要主题。
共访谈了11名参与者，包括：4名药剂师、4名临床助理和3名本科生。通过主题分析，确定了五个主要主题：（1）学生价值和体验式学习的潜力；（2）在快速变化的环境中适应性程序和工作实践；（3）明确的领导，包括角色清晰、角色扩展和可互换性；（4）支持性的学习环境；（5）服务提供和优化社会效益的利益相关者驱动因素。这五个主题经常相互作用，突出了实施和运营该服务的复杂性。
疫苗门诊服务为学生、临床助理和药剂师提供了一个新颖且有价值的合作机会，扩展了他们的实践范围，有助于改善国民健康状况。参与者表示支持未来涉及药学专业学生和医护人员在医院环境中合作的举措。
