重新审视脂肪组织产热对延缓衰老和衰老相关疾病的作用：机遇与挑战。
Revisiting adipose thermogenesis for delaying aging and age-related diseases: Opportunities and challenges.
机构信息
Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
出版信息
Ageing Res Rev. 2023 Jun;87:101912. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101912. Epub 2023 Mar 15.
Adipose tissue undergoes significant changes in structure, composition, and function with age including altered adipokine secretion, decreased adipogenesis, altered immune cell profile and increased inflammation. Considering the role of adipose tissue in whole-body energy homeostasis, age-related dysfunction in adipose metabolism could potentially contribute to an increased risk for metabolic diseases and accelerate the onset of other age-related diseases. Increasing cellular energy expenditure in adipose tissue, also referred to as thermogenesis, has emerged as a promising strategy to improve adipose metabolism and treat obesity-related metabolic disorders. However, translating this strategy to the aged population comes with several challenges such as decreased thermogenic response and the paucity of safe pharmacological agents to activate thermogenesis. This mini-review aims to discuss the current body of knowledge on aging and thermogenesis and highlight the unexplored opportunities (cellular mechanisms and secreted factors) to target thermogenic mechanisms for delaying aging and age-related diseases. Finally, we also discuss the emerging role of thermogenic adipocytes in healthspan and lifespan extension.
脂肪组织在结构、组成和功能上会随着年龄的增长发生显著变化，包括脂肪因子分泌改变、脂肪生成减少、免疫细胞谱改变和炎症增加。鉴于脂肪组织在全身能量平衡中的作用，脂肪代谢的与年龄相关的功能障碍可能会增加代谢疾病的风险，并加速其他与年龄相关疾病的发生。增加脂肪组织的细胞能量消耗，也称为产热，已成为改善脂肪代谢和治疗肥胖相关代谢紊乱的一种有前途的策略。然而，将这一策略应用于老年人群体存在一些挑战，例如产热反应下降和激活产热的安全药理学药物稀缺。本综述旨在讨论衰老和产热的现有知识体系，并强调针对产热机制的未探索机会（细胞机制和分泌因子），以延缓衰老和与年龄相关的疾病。最后，我们还讨论了产热脂肪细胞在健康寿命和寿命延长中的新兴作用。
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