Hu Y X, Liang Q Y, Zhang X D, Ding J, Wang L H, Xu L L
Institute of Science, Technology and Humanities, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203, China.
School of Basic Science of Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;Correspondance author:Xu Lili.
Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi. 2023 Jan 28;53(1):8-14. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20210720-00088.
Gallnut (Mo Shi Zi), as one of the herbs popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine, came into China from Persia in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Gallnut was translated into different names from Persian into Chinese. This study attempted to identify its names, sources and nature by starting with Mo Shi Zi () and comparing with its relevant names Mo Shi Zi(),Ba Lv Zi () and Wu Bei Zi (). It was found that'', meaning black, in Mo Shi Zi () did not make sense because it neither matched the pronunciation in translation nor interpreted the medical meaning of Mo Shi Zi (). Mo Shi Zi () and Ba Lv Zi() were the same herb in traditional Chinese medicine. In Greek and Arabic classic books, Bullut referred to oak groups and their galls, but not Ba Lv Zi (). Ba Lv Zi () in these books referred to Omphacitis. Mo Shi Zi () referred to insect galls in the family of Quercus infectoriain Xi Yao Da Cheng, a book from overseas, and Wu Bei Zi ()appeared in the annotated text of Mo Shi Zi () as a similar herb. It was found that in traditional Chinese medicine, Mo Shi Zi () and Wu Bei Zi( ) were two different herbs, but could be interchanged in their medical nature.
五倍子，作为传统中药中常用的草药之一，在北魏时期从波斯传入中国。五倍子从波斯语翻译成中文时被译成了不同的名称。本研究试图从没食子（）入手，通过与相关名称没食子（）、百绿子（）和五倍子（）进行比较，来确定其名称、来源和性质。研究发现，没食子（）中的“黑”字并无意义，因为它既不符合翻译中的发音，也无法解释没食子（）的医学含义。没食子（）和百绿子（）在传统中药中是同一种草药。在希腊和阿拉伯经典书籍中，Bullut指的是橡树类及其虫瘿，而非百绿子（）。这些书中的百绿子（）指的是青果。在海外书籍《西药大成》中，没食子（）指的是没食子蜂科植物的虫瘿，而五倍子（）在没食子（）的注释文本中作为类似草药出现。研究发现，在传统中药中，没食子（）和五倍子（）是两种不同的草药，但在药用性质上可以相互替换。
