Dimsdale J E, Graham R M, Ziegler M G, Zusman R M, Berry C C
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.
Hypertension. 1987 Dec;10(6):564-9. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.10.6.564.
We studied the blood pressure responses to infused norepinephrine in 34 normotensive and 21 unmedicated subjects with essential hypertension. The two groups were similar in age, relative body weight, and urinary electrolyte excretion. Patients were studied on two extremes of dietary salt (200 mEq Na and 10 mEq Na per day). The dose-response curves were highly linear (p less than 0.00001) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. There was no evidence for an increased sensitivity to infused norepinephrine among the hypertensive subjects. On the other hand, older subjects had steeper slopes (p less than 0.005). Subjects on a high salt diet had steeper slopes than those on low salt diets (p less than 0.0025); this trend was especially apparent among blacks (p less than 0.005). Black and white hypertensive subjects responded to the high salt diet in opposite fashion: The blacks showed an increased pressor sensitivity (p less than 0.05), whereas the whites demonstrated a nonsignificant decreased pressor sensitivity. These results indicate that age, race, and salt effects must be meticulously controlled in studies of sympathetic nervous system physiology.
我们研究了34名血压正常者和21名未经药物治疗的原发性高血压患者对静脉输注去甲肾上腺素的血压反应。两组在年龄、相对体重和尿电解质排泄方面相似。对患者在两种极端饮食盐摄入情况下（每天200 mEq钠和10 mEq钠）进行研究。收缩压和舒张压的剂量反应曲线均呈高度线性（p<0.00001）。没有证据表明高血压患者对静脉输注去甲肾上腺素的敏感性增加。另一方面，年龄较大的受试者斜率更陡（p<0.005）。高盐饮食的受试者斜率比低盐饮食者更陡（p<0.0025）；这种趋势在黑人中尤为明显（p<0.005）。黑人和白人高血压受试者对高盐饮食的反应相反：黑人表现出升压敏感性增加（p<0.05），而白人的升压敏感性则有不显著的降低。这些结果表明，在交感神经系统生理学研究中，年龄、种族和盐的影响必须得到严格控制。
