Pilis Karol, Godlewska Urszula, Pilis Anna, Stec Krzysztof, Dolibog Patrycja, Kruszewski Marek, Kosior-Lara Adrianna, Kalmatov Romanbek, Pilis Wiesław, Letkiewicz Sławomir
Department of Medical Science and Physiotherapy, Collegium Medicum, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Waszyngtona 4/8, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland.
Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22805. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05164-0.
Optimal nutrition and physical activity are vital for enhancing physical performance and preventing metabolic diseases like obesity. Recently, interest has grown in long-term fasting, particularly water-only fasting, which involves no food intake and unlimited water consumption. Our study investigated the effects of 8 days of water-only fasting combined with aerobic exercise in 13 middle-aged men, focusing on metabolic, hormonal, and immune changes. Results showed that fasting had a more significant impact than exercise, leading to changes in glucose, uric acid, IGF-1, IGF-2, GH, leptin, and cortisol, improved total antioxidant status (TAS), and reduced lipid peroxidation. While exercise enhanced the effects of fasting on triglycerides, insulin, GH, TAS, PerOX, and IL-6, changes in total protein and lactate were solely due to exercise. Overall, combining fasting and exercise led to a metabolic shift from carbohydrates to fatty acids and hormonal adaptations to stress. These results, although derived from a small group of patients, offer a promising outlook for further research into the effects of fasting combined with physical activity on health and weight maintenance.
最佳营养和体育活动对于提高身体机能以及预防肥胖等代谢性疾病至关重要。最近，人们对长期禁食，尤其是纯水禁食的兴趣有所增加，纯水禁食即不摄入食物，可无限量饮水。我们的研究调查了13名中年男性进行8天纯水禁食并结合有氧运动的效果，重点关注代谢、激素和免疫方面的变化。结果显示，禁食比运动的影响更显著，导致血糖、尿酸、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、胰岛素样生长因子-2（IGF-2）、生长激素（GH）、瘦素和皮质醇发生变化，改善了总抗氧化状态（TAS），并减少了脂质过氧化。虽然运动增强了禁食对甘油三酯、胰岛素、生长激素、总抗氧化状态、过氧化物（PerOX）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的影响，但总蛋白和乳酸的变化仅由运动引起。总体而言，禁食与运动相结合导致了从碳水化合物到脂肪酸的代谢转变以及对压力的激素适应。这些结果虽然来自一小群患者，但为进一步研究禁食与体育活动相结合对健康和体重维持的影响提供了有希望的前景。
