College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
Hunan Normal University Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data, Changsha, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 16;13(1):4375. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-31453-7.
The Xiangjiang River Basin is an important part of the Yangtze River Basin and an important area in Hunan Province. Thus, taking steps to protect the ecological sustainability of the Xiangjiang River Basin, such as the construction of the protection of ecological security in Hunan Province and the Yangtze River Protection Law, is important for national projects However, research on the ecological quality of the Xiangjiang River Basin is mostly biased toward the evaluation of ecosystem services or an individual ecological index. Furthermore, a long-term evaluation of multiple indicators is lacking. Therefore, based on Google Earth Engine and geographic detectors, the remote sensing ecological index was used to evaluate this area. The year-by-year research on the Xiangjiang River Basin from 2001 to 2020 clarified its past ecological quality change trend, explored the reasons for the ecological quality change, and provided a basis for protecting its ecological quality. The following results are presented. (1) Regarding spatial distribution, areas with poor ecological environments are mainly distributed at the centers of Chang-Zhu-Tan, Hengyang, and various districts and counties. (2) Regarding the time variation, the ecological quality of the Xiangjiang River Basin from 2001 to 2020 showed a slight downward trend, with a downward slope of approximately - 0.0000357143; a rapid increase, with a growth rate of approximately 0.00395; And an overall improvement over 20 years. The areas with declining ecological quality are mainly located in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration, the city center of Hengyang, and the county centers of various county towns. (3) The factor detection results show that human factors play a key role in population density and land use, with average q values of 0.429 and 0.353, respectively. Among natural factors, elevation and slope play a key role, with average q values of 0.230 and 0.351, respectively; hence, Land use directly affect on the ecological quality in a location. These findings will provide important information for managers to formulate ecological restoration measures for the Xiangjiang River.
湘江流域是长江流域的重要组成部分，也是湖南省的重要区域。因此，采取措施保护湘江流域的生态可持续性，如建设湖南省生态安全保护和长江保护法，对于国家项目非常重要。然而，湘江流域的生态质量研究大多偏向于生态系统服务或单个生态指标的评价。此外，缺乏对多个指标的长期评价。因此，本研究基于 Google Earth Engine 和地理探测器，利用遥感生态指数对该地区进行评价。对 2001 年至 2020 年湘江流域的逐年研究，阐明了其过去的生态质量变化趋势，探讨了生态质量变化的原因，并为保护其生态质量提供了依据。结果表明：（1）在空间分布上，生态环境较差的地区主要分布在长株潭、衡阳中心及各县区；（2）从时间变化上看，2001 年至 2020 年湘江流域生态质量呈轻微下降趋势，下降斜率约为-0.0000357143；快速增长，增长率约为 0.00395；20 年来总体呈改善趋势。生态质量下降的地区主要分布在长株潭城市群、衡阳市中心和各县区县城；（3）因子探测结果表明，人口密度和土地利用中的人为因素起关键作用，平均 q 值分别为 0.429 和 0.353。在自然因素中，海拔和坡度起关键作用，平均 q 值分别为 0.230 和 0.351；因此，土地利用直接影响当地的生态质量。这些发现将为管理者提供重要信息，以便为湘江流域制定生态恢复措施。
