Psychotic Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal Do Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil.
Retina and Vitreous Ophthalmology-Curitiba, Curitiba, Brazil.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2024 Aug;274(5):1115-1124. doi: 10.1007/s00406-023-01583-0. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects brain structure and function. The retina, as well as the brain, consists of neuronal and glial cells packed in layers. Cortical volume and brain thickness are associated with inflammatory biomarkers, however, no study has been performed associating inflammatory biomarkers and retina in schizophrenia. our study aims to compare the retinal macular thickness and volume and peripapillary thickness in patients with schizophrenia and controls, and associate it to symptoms of schizophrenia, to interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C Reactive Protein (CRP) levels. Optical coherence tomography was performed to assess retinal layer thickness and volume, and CRP and IL-6 levels were measured in patients with schizophrenia and controls. Positive, negative, and general symptoms of schizophrenia were measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A linear regression controlling for confounding factors was performed. 70 subjects were included, 35 patients, and 35 controls matched for sex and age. Patients with schizophrenia presented a significantly lower macular volume (p < 0.05) and thickness (< 0.05) than controls. PANSS positive, general and total scores were associated with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (p < 0.05). There was no association between inflammatory markers (CRP and IL-6) levels and the retinal layer. A reduction in macular volume and thickness was found in patients with schizophrenia. The severity of schizophrenia symptoms was associated with RNFL thickness. CRP and IL-6 are not associated with retinal thickness/volume in schizophrenia or controls.
精神分裂症是一种神经发育障碍，影响大脑结构和功能。视网膜与大脑一样，由神经元和神经胶质细胞分层组成。皮质体积和脑厚度与炎症生物标志物相关，但尚未有研究将炎症生物标志物与精神分裂症的视网膜联系起来。我们的研究旨在比较精神分裂症患者和对照组的视网膜黄斑厚度和体积以及视盘周围厚度，并将其与精神分裂症的症状、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6) 和 C 反应蛋白 (CRP) 水平相关联。我们使用光学相干断层扫描来评估视网膜层的厚度和体积，并测量精神分裂症患者和对照组的 CRP 和 IL-6 水平。使用阳性和阴性综合征量表 (PANSS) 测量精神分裂症的阳性、阴性和一般症状。我们进行了线性回归，控制了混杂因素。共纳入 70 名受试者，其中 35 名患者和 35 名年龄和性别匹配的对照组。精神分裂症患者的黄斑体积（p<0.05）和厚度（p<0.05）明显低于对照组。PANSS 阳性、一般和总分与视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL) 厚度相关（p<0.05）。炎症标志物（CRP 和 IL-6）水平与视网膜层之间没有关联。精神分裂症患者的黄斑体积和厚度减少。精神分裂症症状的严重程度与 RNFL 厚度相关。CRP 和 IL-6 与精神分裂症或对照组的视网膜厚度/体积无关。
