Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, 20160, Kinikli, Denizli, Turkey.
Mycotoxin Res. 2023 May;39(2):127-134. doi: 10.1007/s12550-023-00480-8. Epub 2023 Mar 18.
Dried fig is one of the most susceptible products to aflatoxin contamination. Since contaminated figs are not suitable for human consumption and cannot be used for any other purposes, they are burned in a chemical incinerator. In this study, we investigated the potential of using aflatoxin-contaminated dried figs as a raw material for ethanol production. For this purpose, contaminated dried figs (and also uncontaminated controls) were subjected to fermentation and subsequent distillation, and the alcohol and aflatoxin levels were determined during the processes. In addition, volatile by-products in the final product were determined using gas chromatography. Contaminated and uncontaminated figs had similar fermentation and distillation patterns. Although fermentation caused significant decreases in aflatoxin levels, there were still toxin residues in the fermented samples at the end of the process. On the other hand, aflatoxins were completely removed in the first step of the distillation. There were minor differences between the volatile compound compositions of the distillates produced from contaminated and uncontaminated figs. It was shown that obtaining aflatoxin-free and high-alcohol-content product using contaminated dried figs is possible according to the lab-scale conducted studies. Aflatoxin-contaminated dried figs can be used as a sustainable raw material for producing ethyl alcohol that can be used as an ingredient of surface disinfectants and/or fuel additive for vehicles.
干无花果是最容易受到黄曲霉毒素污染的产品之一。由于污染的无花果不适合人类食用，也不能用于任何其他用途，因此它们会在化学焚化炉中焚烧。在这项研究中，我们研究了将受黄曲霉毒素污染的干无花果作为生产乙醇的原料的潜力。为此，将受污染的干无花果（以及未受污染的对照物）进行发酵和随后的蒸馏，并在过程中测定酒精和黄曲霉毒素的水平。此外，使用气相色谱法测定最终产物中的挥发性副产物。污染和未污染的无花果具有相似的发酵和蒸馏模式。尽管发酵导致黄曲霉毒素水平显著下降，但在发酵样品的最后阶段仍有残留毒素。另一方面，在蒸馏的第一步，黄曲霉毒素完全被去除。由污染和未污染的无花果制成的馏分的挥发性化合物组成之间存在细微差异。根据实验室规模的研究表明，使用受污染的干无花果获得无黄曲霉毒素和高酒精含量的产品是可行的。受黄曲霉毒素污染的干无花果可以用作生产乙醇的可持续原料，乙醇可作为表面消毒剂的成分和/或车辆燃料添加剂。
