利用预防接种过程模型来理解英格兰 COVID-19 加强疫苗接种的决策。
Using the precaution adoption process model to understand decision-making about the COVID-19 booster vaccine in England.
机构信息
NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Health Psychology Research Group, Department of Clinical, Education and Health Psychology, University College London, UK.
NIHR Policy Research Unit in Behavioural Science - Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK.
出版信息
Vaccine. 2023 Apr 6;41(15):2466-2475. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.047. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 continues to pose a threat to public health. Booster vaccine programmes are critical to maintain population-level immunity. Stage theory models of health behaviour can help our understanding of vaccine decision-making in the context of perceived threats of COVID-19.
PURPOSE
To use the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) to understand decision-making about the COVID-19 booster vaccine (CBV) in England.
METHODS
An online, cross-sectional survey informed by the PAPM, the extended Theory of Planned Behaviour and Health Belief Model administered to people over the age of 50 residing in England, UK in October 2021. A multivariate, multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine associations with the different stages of CBV decision-making.
RESULTS
Of the total 2,004 participants: 135 (6.7%) were unengaged with the CBV programme; 262 (13.1%) were undecided as to whether to have a CBV; 31 (1.5%) had decided not to have a CBV; 1,415 (70.6%) had decided to have a CBV; and 161 (8.0%) had already had their CBV. Being unengaged was positively associated with beliefs in their immune system to protect against COVID-19, being employed, and low household income; and negatively associated with CBV knowledge, a positive COVID-19 vaccine experience, subjective norms, anticipated regret of not having a CBV, and higher academic qualifications. Being undecided was positively associated with beliefs in their immune system and having previously received the Oxford/AstraZeneca (as opposed to Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine; and negatively associated with CBV knowledge, positive attitudes regarding CBV, a positive COVID-19 vaccine experience, anticipated regret of not having a CBV, white British ethnicity, and living in East Midlands (vs London).
CONCLUSIONS
Public health interventions promoting CBV may improve uptake through tailored messaging directed towards the specific decision stage relating to having a COVID-19 booster.
背景
COVID-19 继续对公共卫生构成威胁。加强疫苗接种计划对于维持人群免疫力至关重要。健康行为的阶段理论模型可以帮助我们理解在 COVID-19 感知威胁的背景下对疫苗接种的决策。
目的
使用预防采用过程模型 (PAPM) 来理解英格兰 COVID-19 加强疫苗 (CBV) 的决策。
方法
2021 年 10 月，在 PAPM、扩展计划行为理论和健康信念模型的基础上，向居住在英国英格兰 50 岁以上的人群进行了一项在线横断面调查。使用多变量多项逻辑回归模型来检验与 CBV 决策不同阶段的关联。
结果
在总共 2004 名参与者中：135 人（6.7%）对 CBV 计划不感兴趣；262 人（13.1%）对是否接种 CBV 犹豫不决；31 人（1.5%）决定不接种 CBV；1415 人（70.6%）决定接种 CBV；161 人（8.0%）已经接种了 CBV。不感兴趣与相信自己的免疫系统可以预防 COVID-19、就业和低收入家庭有关；与 CBV 知识、对 COVID-19 疫苗的积极体验、预期不接种 CBV 的遗憾、主观规范、较高的学术资格呈负相关。犹豫不决与相信自己的免疫系统和以前接种过牛津/阿斯利康（而非辉瑞/生物科技）疫苗有关；与 CBV 知识、对 CBV 的积极态度、对 COVID-19 疫苗的积极体验、预期不接种 CBV 的遗憾、白种英国人种和居住在东米德兰兹（与伦敦相比）呈负相关。
结论
通过针对与接种 COVID-19 加强疫苗相关的特定决策阶段的定制信息传递，公共卫生干预措施可能会提高疫苗接种率。
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