Tassi Juan M, López-Gajardo Miguel A, Leo Francisco M, Díaz-García Jesús, García-Calvo Tomás
Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, Cáceres, Spain.
Análisis Comportamental de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (ACAFYDE), Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad, s/n, Cáceres, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2023 Mar 2;14:1065323. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1065323. eCollection 2023.
The study aimed to analyze the effects of an intervention program based on team building developed in technical-tactical training tasks in football. Specifically, it examined the benefits of the intervention in variables related to the conceptual model of team building: role clarity, team identification, intra-team communication, cohesion, intra-group conflict, commitment to the team, inside sacrifice, transactive memory systems, collective efficacy, and perceived performance. The participants were 51 young elite footballers divided into an experimental group ( = 27) and a control group ( = 24). The methodological design was quasi-experimental with a duration of 8 weeks. The data were collected three times: pretest, posttest, and follow-up. The results showed differences favoring the experimental group compared to the control group after the implementation of the intervention program in the following variables: team identification ( < 0.001), role clarity ( < 0.001), intra-team communication ( < 0.001; except distinctiveness), group cohesion ( < 0.05), social conflict ( = 0.001), commitment to the team ( < 0.001), inside sacrifice ( < 0.001), transactive memory systems ( < 0.01; except coordination), collective efficacy ( = 0.02) and team performance ( = 0.001). Consequently, the application of team-building strategies incorporated into specific technical-tactical training tasks in football seems to improve group dynamics in sports teams.
该研究旨在分析一项基于团队建设的干预计划在足球技战术训练任务中的效果。具体而言，它考察了该干预在与团队建设概念模型相关变量方面的益处：角色清晰度、团队认同感、团队内部沟通、凝聚力、团队内部冲突、对团队的承诺、内部牺牲、交互记忆系统、集体效能感和感知表现。参与者为51名年轻的精英足球运动员，分为实验组（n = 27）和对照组（n = 24）。方法设计为准实验性，为期8周。数据收集了三次：前测、后测和随访。结果显示，在实施干预计划后，与对照组相比，实验组在以下变量上存在优势：团队认同感（p < 0.001）、角色清晰度（p < 0.001）、团队内部沟通（p < 0.001；独特性除外）、团队凝聚力（p < 0.05）、社会冲突（p = 0.001）、对团队的承诺（p < 0.001）、内部牺牲（p < 0.001）、交互记忆系统（p < 0.01；协调性除外）、集体效能感（p = 0.02）和团队表现（p = 0.001）。因此，将团队建设策略应用于足球特定的技战术训练任务中似乎可以改善运动队的团队动态。
