Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
J Med Life. 2023 Feb;16(2):254-260. doi: 10.25122/jml-2022-0233.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major life-long non-communicable illness correlated with obesity and chronic undernutrition. It is particularly important to monitor the nutritional status of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), as they are still growing and may be affected by the disease or associated conditions like celiac disease. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of children and adolescents with T1DM in Baghdad city and identify possible risk factors for undernutrition. A single-center, case-control study was conducted in Central Child's Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, over 9 months from November 2021 to July 2022. The study included patients with T1DM and healthy controls. Detailed history, clinical examination, and anthropometric measures were performed for all participants in the study. The mean age of the sample was 10.0 ±3.73 years and 8.68±3.1 years in diabetic patients and controls, respectively. Anthropometric measures in patients with type 1 diabetes were significantly lower than those of controls (P<0.001). All patients within the undernourished group were from large-size families compared with 75.76% of the normally nourished group, with a significant difference. The mean age of disease onset in the normal nourished group was 6.61 ± 2.78 years which was significantly earlier than that of the undernourished group (8.83 ± 2.89). Weight-for-age and BMI z-score had a significant negative correlation with HbA1c (r=-0.312, p=0.004, and r=-0.295, p=0.006, respectively). Patients with T1DM had significantly lower anthropometric measures than the normal population. Older children, female gender, large family size, and disease duration are independent predictors of undernutrition in T1DM. BMI and weight-for-age have a significant negative correlation with metabolic control of diabetes represented by HbA1c.
糖尿病（DM）是一种主要的终身非传染性疾病，与肥胖和慢性营养不足有关。监测 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）患儿的营养状况尤为重要，因为他们仍在成长，可能受到疾病或相关疾病（如乳糜泻）的影响。本研究旨在评估巴格达市 T1DM 儿童和青少年的营养状况，并确定营养不良的可能危险因素。这是一项在伊拉克巴格达中央儿童医院进行的单中心病例对照研究，研究时间为 2021 年 11 月至 2022 年 7 月，共 9 个月。研究包括 T1DM 患者和健康对照组。对所有研究参与者进行详细的病史、临床检查和人体测量。样本的平均年龄为 10.0±3.73 岁，糖尿病患者和对照组分别为 8.68±3.1 岁。1 型糖尿病患者的人体测量指标明显低于对照组（P<0.001）。与营养正常组的 75.76%相比，所有营养不足组的患者均来自大家庭，差异有统计学意义。营养正常组的疾病发病年龄平均为 6.61±2.78 岁，明显早于营养不足组（8.83±2.89 岁）。体重与年龄的 Z 评分和 BMI Z 评分与 HbA1c 呈显著负相关（r=-0.312，p=0.004 和 r=-0.295，p=0.006）。T1DM 患者的人体测量指标明显低于正常人群。年龄较大的儿童、女性、大家庭和疾病持续时间是 T1DM 营养不良的独立预测因素。BMI 和体重与年龄的 Z 评分与 HbA1c 代表的糖尿病代谢控制呈显著负相关。
