Chen Jiahui, Tang Yating, Jiang Yongxiang, Lu Yi
Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031 China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.
Phenomics. 2022 Feb 22;2(2):136-144. doi: 10.1007/s43657-021-00040-z. eCollection 2022 Apr.
The ocular biometry characteristics are clinically significant for children with unilateral congenital cataracts, but there is a lack of data analysis concerning the preoperative measurements. The axial length (AL), mean keratometry (Km), corneal astigmatism (CA), and the anterior chamber depth (ACD) from both eyes before cataract surgery were obtained from 205 patients (410 eyes, 3-15 years of age) with unilateral congenital cataracts. In the congenital cataract eyes, shorter AL (22.44 ± 1.52 mm vs. 22.57 ± 1.04 mm, = 0.036) and higher CA (- 1.89 ± 0.91 D vs. - 1.24 ± 0.67 D, < 0.001) were found, and no significant difference was found in the Km and the ACD measurements compared to the contralateral normal eyes. Females had shorter AL and shallower ACD compared to males. However, the Km and CA in the females were significantly larger than that in males. Shorter AL, larger Km, higher CA, and shallower ACD were also found in females who had a binocular axial difference (the value obtained by subtraction of the contralateral normal eye from the congenital cataract eye) that less than zero. The preoperative ocular biometry of shorter AL, larger Km, higher CA, and shallower ACD should be considered in females with unilateral congenital cataracts. The age and the binocular axial differences had a statistically significant correlation ( = -0.192, = 0.006). Therefore, changes in the binocular axial differences associated with aging may enhance the guidelines for intraocular lens selection and the management of congenital cataracts.
眼部生物测量特征对单侧先天性白内障患儿具有临床意义，但缺乏术前测量的数据分析。从205例（410只眼，3至15岁）单侧先天性白内障患者中获取白内障手术前双眼的眼轴长度（AL）、平均角膜曲率（Km）、角膜散光（CA）和前房深度（ACD）。先天性白内障眼的AL较短（22.44±1.52mm对22.57±1.04mm，P = 0.036），CA较高（-1.89±0.91D对-1.24±0.67D，P<0.001），与对侧正常眼相比，Km和ACD测量值无显著差异。女性的AL比男性短，ACD比男性浅。然而，女性的Km和CA显著大于男性。在双眼轴差（先天性白内障眼减去对侧正常眼所得值）小于零的女性中也发现AL较短、Km较大、CA较高和ACD较浅。单侧先天性白内障女性患者术前眼部生物测量若出现AL较短、Km较大、CA较高和ACD较浅的情况应予以考虑。年龄与双眼轴差具有统计学显著相关性（P = -0.192，P = 0.006）。因此，与年龄相关的双眼轴差变化可能会完善人工晶状体选择指南和先天性白内障的治疗。
