Zhang Jingwen, Zhang Cheng, Zhang Yong, Du Zhongkun, Li Bing, Wang Jinhua, Wang Jun, Zhu Lusheng
College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Jun;326:138449. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138449. Epub 2023 Mar 20.
Fluoxastrobin (FLUO), one of the best-selling strobilurin fungicides, could prevent fungal diseases from oilseed crops, fruits, grains, and vegetables. The widespread use of FLUO leads to the continuous accumulation of FLUO in soil. Our previous studies have demonstrated that FLUO exhibited different toxicity in artificial soil and three natural soils (fluvo-aquic soils, black soils, and red clay). The toxicity of FLUO was greater in natural soil than the artificial soil, specifically, showed the highest toxicity in fluvo-aquic soils. To better investigate the mechanism of FLUO toxicity to earthworms (Eisenia fetida), we selected fluvo-aquic soils as representative soil and used transcriptomics to study the gene expression in earthworms after FLUO exposure. The results demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes in earthworms after FLUO exposure mainly presented in pathways involving protein folding, immunity, signal transduction, and cell growth. It may be the reason why FLUO exposure stressed the earthworms and affected their normal growth activities. The present study fills gaps in the literature regarding the soil bio-toxicity of strobilurin fungicides. It also sounds the alarm for the application of such fungicides even at the low concentration (0.1 mg kg).
氟唑菌酰胺（FLUO）是最畅销的甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂之一，可预防油料作物、水果、谷物和蔬菜的真菌病害。氟唑菌酰胺的广泛使用导致其在土壤中不断积累。我们之前的研究表明，氟唑菌酰胺在人工土壤和三种天然土壤（潮土、黑土和红黏土）中表现出不同的毒性。氟唑菌酰胺在天然土壤中的毒性大于人工土壤，具体而言，在潮土中表现出最高的毒性。为了更好地研究氟唑菌酰胺对蚯蚓（赤子爱胜蚓）的毒性作用机制，我们选择潮土作为代表性土壤，并利用转录组学研究氟唑菌酰胺暴露后蚯蚓的基因表达。结果表明，氟唑菌酰胺暴露后蚯蚓体内的差异表达基因主要集中在涉及蛋白质折叠、免疫、信号转导和细胞生长的途径中。这可能是氟唑菌酰胺暴露使蚯蚓受到应激并影响其正常生长活动的原因。本研究填补了关于甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂土壤生物毒性的文献空白。它也为即使在低浓度（0.1毫克/千克）下使用此类杀菌剂敲响了警钟。
