Dessie Wubante Ayalew
Political Science, Debre Berhan University, Debreberhan, P.O.Box: 445, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2023 Feb 26;9(3):e13950. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13950. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Women's political representation and participation are the matter of human rights that women can entitled by the virtue of being human. However, the right to be voter and candidates are still problematic for women in developing countries. We cannot get much number of women in these regard as we compare them with their counter parts. In view of that, this study aims to address the determinant factors of women's participation in electoral politics as a voter and political candidate. To undertake this study, mixed method of research was employed. Published journal articles, books and reports of government were used as a secondary source, whereas questionnaires including open and close ended, interview (as supplementary technique) used as primary sources. In line with this, Chi square(x) and binary logistic regression were used to determine the factors deterring women's participation in electoral politics as a voter and political candidate (campaigner). Accordingly, the study found out that gender role, political interest, patriarchy and politicization of ethnicity are significantly determines (affects) women's participation in voting at p < 0.05 significant level. On the other hand, family size, political instability, political interest, politicization of ethnicity, political conspiracy and media exposure are significantly determines (affects) women's electoral participation as apolitical candidate and campaigner at p < 0.05 significant level. Henceforth, the government should establish enabling political environment which entertains genuine democratic political governance that empowers women to be active participant and beneficiary in the electoral politics of the country.
妇女的政治代表性和参与是人权问题，妇女作为人应享有这些权利。然而，在发展中国家，妇女的选举权和候选人资格仍然存在问题。与男性相比，在这方面我们看不到有大量的女性。有鉴于此，本研究旨在探讨妇女作为选民和政治候选人参与选举政治的决定性因素。为开展这项研究，采用了混合研究方法。已发表的期刊文章、书籍和政府报告被用作二手资料，而包括开放式和封闭式问题的问卷、访谈（作为补充技术）则被用作主要资料。据此，使用卡方检验（χ）和二元逻辑回归来确定阻碍妇女作为选民和政治候选人（竞选者）参与选举政治的因素。因此，研究发现，在p<0.05的显著水平上，性别角色、政治兴趣、父权制和族裔政治化显著决定（影响）妇女的投票参与。另一方面，在p<0.05的显著水平上，家庭规模、政治不稳定、政治兴趣、族裔政治化、政治阴谋和媒体曝光显著决定（影响）妇女作为政治候选人和竞选者的选举参与。从今往后，政府应营造有利的政治环境，实行真正的民主政治治理，使妇女能够积极参与并受益于国家的选举政治。
