Muhammad Abdur Rahman Hafiz, Javaid Sana, Ashraf Waseem, Fawad Rasool Muhammad, Saleem Hammad, Ali Khan Salman, Ul-Haq Zaheer, Muhammad Muneeb Anjum Syed, Ahmad Tanveer, Alqahtani Faleh, Ur Rehman Anees, Imran Imran
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 60000, Pakistan.
Saudi Pharm J. 2023 Feb;31(2):191-206. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.12.003. Epub 2022 Dec 15.
is an indigenous plant known for various remedial properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of methanolic extract (AA) bark as current scientific trend is searching plant for neurodegenerative diseases, worldwide.
In experiments, the AA was analyzed for phenols, flavonoids, antioxidative and cholinesterase inhibitory properties with subsequent detailed characterization for secondary metabolites. The neurological effects were evaluated in rats through behavioral assessment for anxiety and memory after chronic administration (28 days) of 50-200 mg/kg of AA. At the end of behavior studies, isolated brains were biochemically tested to determine antioxidant enzyme activity.
AA was found rich in phenols/flavonoids and active in radical scavenging with the presence of 13 secondary metabolites in UHPLC-MS analysis. The AA yielded anxiolytic effects dose-dependently in the open field, light/dark and elevated-plus maze tests as animals significantly (P < 0.05 vs control group) preferred open arena, illuminated zone and exposed arms of maze. Similarly, the animals treated with AA showed significant (P < 0.05 vs amnesic group) increase in spontaneous alternation, discrimination index in y-maze, novel object recognition tests. Further, AA.Cr treated rats showed noticeably shorter escape latencies in Morris water maze tests.In biochemical analysis, the dissected brains AA treated rats showed reduced levels of AChE and malondialdehyde with increased levels of first-line antioxidant enzymes i.e. glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. These observed biological effects might be attributed to phenols and flavonoids constituents owned by AA. The studies showed thatconessine and lophirone J phytocompounds have good blood-brain barrier permeability and interaction with AChE.
The outcomes of this study validate that bark of might work as a source of bioactive phytochemicals of neuroprotective potential.
是一种具有多种治疗特性的本土植物。目前的研究旨在评估甲醇提取物（AA）树皮的神经保护潜力，因为当前全球科学趋势正在寻找用于神经退行性疾病的植物。
在实验中，对AA进行了酚类、黄酮类、抗氧化和胆碱酯酶抑制特性分析，并随后对次生代谢产物进行了详细表征。通过对慢性给药（28天）50 - 200mg/kg AA后的大鼠进行焦虑和记忆行为评估，来评价其神经学效应。在行为研究结束时，对分离的大脑进行生化测试以确定抗氧化酶活性。
发现AA富含酚类/黄酮类，在清除自由基方面具有活性，超高效液相色谱 - 质谱分析显示存在13种次生代谢产物。在旷场试验、明暗试验和高架十字迷宫试验中，AA剂量依赖性地产生抗焦虑作用，因为动物明显（与对照组相比P < 0.05）更喜欢旷场、光照区域和迷宫的暴露臂。同样，用AA处理的动物在自发交替、Y迷宫辨别指数、新物体识别试验中显示出显著增加（与失忆组相比P < 0.05）。此外，AA.Cr处理的大鼠在莫里斯水迷宫试验中显示出明显缩短的逃避潜伏期。在生化分析中，解剖的经AA处理的大鼠大脑显示乙酰胆碱酯酶和丙二醛水平降低，一线抗氧化酶即谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶水平升高。这些观察到的生物学效应可能归因于AA所含的酚类和黄酮类成分。研究表明，锥丝碱和洛菲酮J植物化合物具有良好的血脑屏障通透性并与乙酰胆碱酯酶相互作用。
本研究结果证实，[植物名称]的树皮可能作为具有神经保护潜力的生物活性植物化学物质的来源。
