Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023 Mar 21;23(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-03892-2.
One of the most important aromatic species of the Apiaceae family is Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall, which used as a spice and condiment in food. It is widely used in traditional Iranian medicine due to its anti-toxic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the essential oil of this plant in terms of content and ingredients, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity.
The fruit of H. persicum was collected in June 2019 from Maragheh region of Kashan, Iran. The essential oil was extracted by water distillation using Clevenger for 3 h. Identification analysis of H. persicum fruit essential oil (HPFEO) components was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Evaluation of the effect of the HPFEO on the growth and proliferation of ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3) was performed using MTT colorimetric method. Its antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungal lethality concentration (MBC/MFC).
The results of analysis of the HPFEO by GC-MS showed that there were 35 compounds with 99.54% relative content. Hexyl butyrate (35.24%), octyl 2-methylbutyrate (11.65%), octyl isobutyrate (9.23%), and octyl acetate (8.42%) were the predominant compounds. Examination of cell survival showed that the viability of cells decreased depending on the concentration of the HPFEO in 24 h and had value of IC ~ 12.08 μg/ml against OVCAR-3 cell line. The strongest inhibitory activity of the HPFEO was against Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella paratyphi-A serotype (MIC < 62.50 μg/mL). Also, the strong inhibitory and lethal activity of this essential oil against Candida albicans (MIC and MBC 250 μg/mL was one degree weaker compared to nystatin (MIC = 125 μg/mL).
Thus, HPFEO, in addition to its traditional use, may have a strong and potential potential for the production of anti-proliferative and antimicrobial drugs.
伞形科的最重要的芳香物种之一是 Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall，它作为一种香料和调味品在食品中使用。由于其解毒特性，它在伊朗传统医学中被广泛使用。本研究的目的是评估该植物精油的含量和成分、细胞毒性和抗菌活性。
2019 年 6 月，从伊朗卡尚的马拉盖赫地区采集该植物的果实。使用水蒸馏法通过克利夫兰装置提取精油，提取时间为 3 小时。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对 H. persicum 果实精油（HPFEO）的成分进行鉴定分析。使用 MTT 比色法评价 HPFEO 对卵巢癌细胞系（OVCAR-3）生长和增殖的影响。通过琼脂扩散法、最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌/真菌致死浓度（MBC/MFC）评估其抗菌活性。
GC-MS 分析 HPFEO 的结果表明，有 35 种化合物，相对含量为 99.54%。丁酸己酯（35.24%）、2-甲基丁酸辛酯（11.65%）、异丁酸辛酯（9.23%）和乙酸辛酯（8.42%）是主要成分。细胞存活检查表明，随着 HPFEO 浓度的增加，细胞存活率在 24 小时内降低，对 OVCAR-3 细胞系的 IC50 值为 12.08μg/ml。HPFEO 的最强抑制活性是针对革兰氏阴性菌铜绿假单胞菌和甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌（MIC<62.50μg/ml）。此外，与制霉菌素（MIC=125μg/ml）相比，该精油对白色念珠菌的强烈抑制和致死活性（MIC 和 MBC 为 250μg/ml）弱一个等级。
因此，HPFEO 除了传统用途外，可能具有很强的、潜在的抗增殖和抗菌药物生产潜力。
