Tadesse Yabibal Berie, Kassaw Abebe Tarekegn, Belachew Eyayaw Ashete
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2023 Mar 21;16(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s40545-023-00553-0.
Self-medication with antibiotics has become an important factor driving antibiotic resistance and it masks the signs and symptoms of the underlying disease and hence complicates the problem, increasing drug resistance and delaying diagnosis. This study aimed to assess the extent of self-medication practice with antibiotics and its associated factors among adult patients attending outpatient departments (OPD) at selected public Hospitals, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Facility-based cross-sectional study was employed. A systematic random sampling technique was used to include the study participants. Self-administered with structured questionnaires were applied among patients who visited outpatient departments at selected public Hospitals, in Addis Ababa. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used for the present categorical data. The data are presented in pie charts, tables, and bar graphs. Furthermore, bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant associations. Statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05.
Out of 421 respondents interviewed, 403 (95.7%) participants completed questionnaires. Among the respondents, 71% had generally practiced self-medication. Among these, 48.3% had self-medication with antibiotics, while 51.7% had used other drugs. The most commonly cited indication for self-medication practice was abdominal pain 44.9%, followed by Sore throat 21% commonly used antibiotics are amoxicillin (57%), ciprofloxacin (13%), amoxicillin/clavulanic (10%), erythromycin (8%), cotrimoxazole (7%), and doxycycline (5%).
Self-medication with antibiotics was common among the study participants. The prevalence of general self-medication was 71%, whereas that of self-medication with antibiotics was 48.3%. In general, the potentially dangerous effects of SMP seem to be underestimated by patients with OPD patients.
抗生素自我药疗已成为推动抗生素耐药性的一个重要因素，它掩盖了潜在疾病的体征和症状，从而使问题复杂化，增加耐药性并延迟诊断。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴选定公立医院门诊成年患者中抗生素自我药疗的程度及其相关因素。
采用基于机构的横断面研究。使用系统随机抽样技术纳入研究参与者。对在亚的斯亚贝巴选定公立医院门诊就诊的患者应用自行填写的结构化问卷。数据录入Epi-data 4.6版本，并使用SPSS 26版本进行分析。对于当前的分类数据，使用频率和百分比等描述性统计方法。数据以饼图、表格和柱状图呈现。此外，使用双变量和多变量二元逻辑回归分析来确定显著关联。p值<0.05时宣布具有统计学意义。
在接受访谈的421名受访者中，403名（95.7%）参与者完成了问卷。在受访者中，71%的人普遍有自我药疗行为。其中，48.3%的人使用过抗生素进行自我药疗，而51.7%的人使用过其他药物。自我药疗最常见的指征是腹痛（44.9%），其次是喉咙痛（21%）。常用的抗生素是阿莫西林（57%）、环丙沙星（13%）、阿莫西林/克拉维酸（10%）、红霉素（8%）、复方新诺明（7%）和强力霉素（5%）。
抗生素自我药疗在研究参与者中很常见。总体自我药疗的患病率为71%，而抗生素自我药疗的患病率为48.3%。一般来说，门诊患者似乎低估了自我药疗的潜在危险影响。
