Chen Zhiwei, Huang Tianquan, He Taiyu, Zha Guanhua, Zhu Qian, Zhang Gaoli, Xiang Dejuan, Chen Min, Li Hu, Ling Ning, Lan Yinghua, Shi Xiaofeng, Zhang Dazhi, Xu Pan, Pan Qingbo, Song Rui, Cao Junxiong, Zhang Yingzhi, Xiang Hongyan, Feng Yali, Yang Ziqiao, Zhang Biqiong, Shen Wei, Cai Dachuan, Peng Mingli, Hu Peng, Ren Hong
Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
J Med Virol. 2023 Apr;95(4):e28695. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28695.
Given the pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variants, booster vaccination (BV) using inactivated virus vaccines (the third dose) has been implemented in China. However, the immune responses after BV, especially those against Omicron, in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB) are unclear. In this prospective longitudinal study, 114 patients with CHB and 68 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited after receiving inactivated vaccination. The anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG), neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), neutralization against Omicron (BA2.12.1, BA.4/5), and specific B/T cells were evaluated. In patients, anti-RBD IgG was elevated significantly after BV; the titers were as high as those in HCs. Similar results were obtained for the NAbs. However, compared with that against wild type (WT), the neutralization against Omicron was compromised after BV. The frequency of RBD atypical memory B cells increased, but spike-specific cluster of differentiation 4 /8 T cells remained unchanged after BV. Moreover, no serious adverse events or HBV reactivation were observed after BV. These results suggest that BV significantly enhanced antibody responses against WT; however, it resulted in compromised antibody responses against Omicron in patients with CHB. Hence, new all-in-one vaccines and optimal vaccination strategies should be studied promptly.
鉴于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2奥密克戎变种的大流行，中国已实施使用灭活病毒疫苗的加强接种（第三剂）。然而，慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染（CHB）患者在加强接种后的免疫反应，尤其是针对奥密克戎的免疫反应尚不清楚。在这项前瞻性纵向研究中，114例CHB患者和68名健康对照（HC）在接受灭活疫苗接种后被招募。评估了抗受体结合域（RBD）免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、中和抗体（NAb）、对奥密克戎（BA2.12.1、BA.4/5）的中和作用以及特异性B/T细胞。在患者中，加强接种后抗RBD IgG显著升高；其滴度与HC中的滴度一样高。NAb也获得了类似结果。然而，与针对野生型（WT）相比，加强接种后对奥密克戎的中和作用有所减弱。RBD非典型记忆B细胞的频率增加，但加强接种后刺突特异性分化簇4/8 T细胞保持不变。此外，加强接种后未观察到严重不良事件或HBV再激活。这些结果表明，加强接种显著增强了针对WT的抗体反应；然而，它导致CHB患者针对奥密克戎的抗体反应减弱。因此，应及时研究新的一体化疫苗和最佳接种策略。
