Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, China.
Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Epidemiology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Jun;131:26-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.03.028. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
We assessed the effect of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine boosting immunization on the viral shedding time for patients infected with the Omicron variant BA.2.
We performed a real-world study by analyzing the outbreak data of patients infected with the COVID-19 Omicron variant BA.2 from March to May 2022 in Shanghai, China. Patients were categorized into three groups, including not fully vaccinated (zero and one dose), fully vaccinated (two doses), and booster-vaccinated (three doses).
A total of 4443 patients infected with COVID-19 were included in the analysis. The proportion of viral shedding within 14 days in the three groups was 94.7%, 95.5%, and 96.7%, respectively (P <0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, underlying conditions, and clinical symptoms, the booster vaccination had a 29% increased possibility (hazard ratio: 1.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.18-1.41) of no detectable viral shedding within 14 days, whereas the fully vaccinated group had an 11% increased possibility of no detectable viral shedding (hazard ratio: 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.23). The effect of booster vaccination was more significant in males, the elderly, and people with underlying conditions or symptomatic infections.
Our study confirmed that the booster vaccination could significantly shorten the viral shedding time of patients infected with the Omicron variant BA.2.
我们评估了灭活 COVID-19 疫苗加强免疫接种对感染奥密克戎变异株 BA.2 的患者病毒脱落时间的影响。
我们通过分析 2022 年 3 月至 5 月期间中国上海 COVID-19 奥密克戎变异株 BA.2 感染患者的暴发数据，开展了一项真实世界研究。患者分为三组，包括未完全接种（零剂和 1 剂）、完全接种（2 剂）和加强接种（3 剂）。
共纳入 4443 例 COVID-19 感染患者。三组中 14 天内病毒脱落的比例分别为 94.7%、95.5%和 96.7%（P<0.001）。在调整性别、年龄、基础疾病和临床症状后，加强接种使 14 天内无病毒检测到的可能性增加了 29%（危险比：1.29，95%置信区间：1.18-1.41），而完全接种使 14 天内无病毒检测到的可能性增加了 11%（危险比：1.11，95%置信区间：1.01-1.23）。加强接种的效果在男性、老年人以及有基础疾病或有症状感染的人群中更为显著。
我们的研究证实，加强接种可显著缩短感染奥密克戎变异株 BA.2 的患者的病毒脱落时间。
