Daher Wassim, Pichler Virginia, Karam Jona, Neyrolles Olivier, Kremer Laurent
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France.
INSERM, IRIM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2023 Mar 10;47(2). doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuad009.
Pathogenic mycobacteria gain entry to their hosts by inhalation or ingestion where they adhere to different cell types and are subsequently internalized by professional phagocytic cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells. Multiple pathogen-associated molecular patterns present on the mycobacterial surface are recognized by and interact with a diverse panel of phagocytic pattern recognition receptors, representing the first step of the infection process. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the numerous host cell receptors and their associated mycobacterial ligands or adhesins. It further discusses the downstream molecular and cellular events resulting from the engagement of the various receptor-mediated pathways, leading to either intracellular survival of mycobacteria or to activation of host immune defenses. The content presented herein on adhesins and host receptors may serve as a resource for those developing novel therapeutic approaches, e.g. in the design of antiadhesin molecules to prevent bacterial attachment and infection. The collection of mycobacterial surface molecules highlighted in this review may also provide potential new therapeutic targets, diagnostic markers, or vaccine candidates to combat these notoriously challenging and persistent pathogens.
致病性分枝杆菌通过吸入或摄入进入宿主，在宿主体内它们粘附于不同细胞类型，随后被专业吞噬细胞（如巨噬细胞或树突状细胞）内化。分枝杆菌表面存在的多种病原体相关分子模式被多种吞噬模式识别受体识别并相互作用，这是感染过程的第一步。本综述总结了目前关于众多宿主细胞受体及其相关分枝杆菌配体或粘附素的知识。它还讨论了各种受体介导途径的参与所导致的下游分子和细胞事件，这些事件要么导致分枝杆菌在细胞内存活，要么导致宿主免疫防御激活。本文介绍的关于粘附素和宿主受体的内容可为那些开发新治疗方法的人提供资源，例如在设计抗粘附素分子以防止细菌附着和感染方面。本综述中强调的分枝杆菌表面分子集合也可能提供潜在的新治疗靶点、诊断标志物或疫苗候选物，以对抗这些极具挑战性且顽固的病原体。
