Lowrie William, Westbrook Robert J E, Guo Junjun, Gonev Hristo Ivov, Marin-Beloqui Jose, Clarke Tracey M
Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Building, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom.
Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
J Chem Phys. 2023 Mar 21;158(11):110901. doi: 10.1063/5.0139457.
Organic photovoltaics are remarkably close to reaching a landmark power conversion efficiency of 20%. Given the current urgent concerns regarding climate change, research into renewable energy solutions is crucially important. In this perspective article, we highlight several key aspects of organic photovoltaics, ranging from fundamental understanding to implementation, that need to be addressed to ensure the success of this promising technology. We cover the intriguing ability of some acceptors to undergo efficient charge photogeneration in the absence of an energetic driving force and the effects of the resulting state hybridization. We explore one of the primary loss mechanisms of organic photovoltaics-non-radiative voltage losses-and the influence of the energy gap law. Triplet states are becoming increasingly relevant owing to their presence in even the most efficient non-fullerene blends, and we assess their role as both a loss mechanism and a potential strategy to enhance efficiency. Finally, two ways in which the implementation of organic photovoltaics can be simplified are addressed. The standard bulk heterojunction architecture could be superseded by either single material photovoltaics or sequentially deposited heterojunctions, and the attributes of both are considered. While several important challenges still lie ahead for organic photovoltaics, their future is, indeed, bright.
有机光伏技术已非常接近实现20%这一具有里程碑意义的功率转换效率。鉴于当前对气候变化的紧迫担忧，对可再生能源解决方案的研究至关重要。在这篇观点文章中，我们强调了有机光伏技术的几个关键方面，从基本理解到实际应用，这些方面若要确保这项有前景的技术取得成功就需要加以解决。我们探讨了一些受体在没有能量驱动力的情况下进行高效电荷光生的有趣能力以及由此产生的态杂化效应。我们研究了有机光伏技术的主要损耗机制之一——非辐射电压损耗——以及能隙定律的影响。由于三重态甚至在最有效的非富勒烯混合体系中也存在，其相关性日益增强，我们评估了它们作为一种损耗机制以及提高效率的潜在策略的作用。最后，阐述了简化有机光伏技术实际应用的两种方法。标准的体异质结结构可能会被单材料光伏或顺序沉积异质结所取代，并对两者的特性进行了考量。虽然有机光伏技术仍面临一些重大挑战，但其未来确实是光明的。
