新型产甲烷菌的分离与鉴定表明该属具有原始的宿主相关性。
Isolation and characterisation of novel Methanocorpusculum species indicates the genus is ancestrally host-associated.
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland Frazer Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia.
Centre for Microbiome Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, 4102, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Biol. 2023 Mar 22;21(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12915-023-01524-2.
BACKGROUND
With an increasing interest in the manipulation of methane produced from livestock cultivation, the microbiome of Australian marsupials provides a unique ecological and evolutionary comparison with 'low-methane' emitters. Previously, marsupial species were shown to be enriched for novel lineages of Methanocorpusculum, as well as Methanobrevibacter, Methanosphaera, and Methanomassiliicoccales. Despite sporadic reports of Methanocorpusculum from stool samples of various animal species, there remains little information on the impacts of these methanogens on their hosts.
RESULTS
Here, we characterise novel host-associated species of Methanocorpusculum, to explore unique host-specific genetic factors and their associated metabolic potential. We performed comparative analyses on 176 Methanocorpusculum genomes comprising 130 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) recovered from 20 public animal metagenome datasets and 35 other publicly available Methanocorpusculum MAGs and isolate genomes of host-associated and environmental origin. Nine MAGs were also produced from faecal metagenomes of the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus) and mahogany glider (Petaurus gracilis), along with the cultivation of one axenic isolate from each respective animal; M. vombati (sp. nov.) and M. petauri (sp. nov.).
CONCLUSIONS
Through our analyses, we substantially expand the available genetic information for this genus by describing the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of 23 host-associated species of Methanocorpusculum. These lineages display differential enrichment of genes associated with methanogenesis, amino acid biosynthesis, transport system proteins, phosphonate metabolism, and carbohydrate-active enzymes. These results provide insights into the differential genetic and functional adaptations of these novel host-associated species of Methanocorpusculum and suggest that this genus is ancestrally host-associated.
背景
随着人们对畜牧业产生的甲烷的操纵越来越感兴趣，澳大利亚有袋动物的微生物组为“低甲烷”排放者提供了一个独特的生态和进化比较。此前，有袋动物物种被证明富含新型 Methanocorpusculum 谱系，以及 Methanobrevibacter、Methanosphaera 和 Methanomassiliicoccales。尽管有零星报道称从各种动物粪便样本中分离出 Methanocorpusculum，但关于这些产甲烷菌对宿主的影响的信息仍然很少。
结果
在这里，我们描述了新型宿主相关的 Methanocorpusculum 物种，以探索独特的宿主特异性遗传因素及其相关的代谢潜力。我们对 176 个 Methanocorpusculum 基因组进行了比较分析，其中包括从 20 个公共动物宏基因组数据集和 35 个其他公开的 Methanocorpusculum MAG 基因组和宿主相关及环境来源的分离株基因组中回收的 130 个宏基因组组装基因组（MAG）。还从常见袋熊（Vombatus ursinus）和桃花心木滑翔机（Petaurus gracilis）的粪便宏基因组中产生了 9 个 MAG，以及从每种动物各自的动物中培养的一个无菌分离株；M. vombati（sp. nov.）和 M. petauri（sp. nov.）。
结论
通过我们的分析，我们通过描述 23 种宿主相关 Methanocorpusculum 物种的表型和遗传特征，大大扩展了该属的可用遗传信息。这些谱系显示出与甲烷生成、氨基酸生物合成、运输系统蛋白、膦酸盐代谢和碳水化合物活性酶相关的基因的差异富集。这些结果深入了解了这些新型宿主相关的 Methanocorpusculum 物种的差异遗传和功能适应，并表明该属是祖先性宿主相关的。
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