Gong Yuyan, Yang Yiqun, Wang Zhiwen, Ye Guanqiong, Zeng Jiangning, Hu Wenjia
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, China.
Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jul 1;337:117718. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117718. Epub 2023 Mar 21.
The global marine ecosystem has been significantly altered by the combined effects of multiple anthropogenic impacts. Systematic planning of marine protected areas (MPAs) is of paramount importance in alleviating conflicts between humans and the sea. Existing approaches, however, merely integrate both ecological and anthropogenic factors for multiple conservation purposes. By combining the three main anthropogenic impact factors with two main ecological importance factors, this study used a GIS-based AHP-OWA method to identify different levels of priority protection for MPAs in Zhejiang, China. Our results proved that: 1) the multi-objective MPA siting issues can be addressed by the GIS-based AHP-OWA method through scenario simulation; 2) the best locations for MPAs are in the northeast, central, and southern marine areas of Zhejiang; 3) considering the trade-off degree, spatial conservation efficiency, and spatial heterogeneity, an optimized MPA siting scheme can be developed for decision-makers. The proposed MPA siting method and case study may provide an effective technical reference for solving regional marine spatial planning (MSP) issues in the future.
全球海洋生态系统已因多种人为影响的综合作用而发生了显著改变。海洋保护区（MPA）的系统规划对于缓解人类与海洋之间的冲突至关重要。然而，现有方法仅为多种保护目的整合了生态和人为因素。本研究通过将三个主要人为影响因素与两个主要生态重要性因素相结合，运用基于地理信息系统（GIS）的层次分析法-有序加权平均法（AHP-OWA）来确定中国浙江海洋保护区不同级别的优先保护区域。我们的结果表明：1）基于GIS的AHP-OWA方法可通过情景模拟解决多目标海洋保护区选址问题；2）海洋保护区的最佳位置在浙江东北部、中部和南部海域；3）考虑权衡程度、空间保护效率和空间异质性，可为决策者制定优化的海洋保护区选址方案。所提出的海洋保护区选址方法及案例研究可为未来解决区域海洋空间规划（MSP）问题提供有效的技术参考。
