Babateen Abrar M, Shannon Oliver M, O'Brien Gerard M, Olgacer Dilara, Koehl Christina, Fostier William, Mathers John C, Siervo Mario
Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2023 Jun;33(6):1263-1267. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.02.024. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Few studies have explored the prolonged effects of dietary nitrate on vascular health. This pilot study tested the effects of prolonged consumption (13 weeks) of a range of doses of dietary nitrate (NO), provided as beetroot juice (BJ), on blood pressure (BP) and endothelial function in overweight and obese older participants.
Sixty-two overweight or obese older participants (60-75 years) were randomized to the following interventions: (1) high NO (2) medium NO, (3) low NO, or (4) placebo. Resting clinic and home BP were measured pre- and post-intervention. Laser Doppler iontophoresis was used to quantify changes in endothelial-dependent and independent microvascular blood flow.
This pilot study showed that medium and low doses of NO were more effective in lowering resting-clinic SBP (P = 0.04 and, P = 0.03, respectively) than was PL. The lower doses of NO also resulted in significant increases in microvascular perfusion (medium, P = 0.02; low, P = 0.002) relative to baseline values.
These findings indicate that supplementation with medium and low, but not high, doses of NO for 13 weeks had positive effects on BP and endothelial function in older overweight and obese adults. These findings require confirmation in larger studies.
很少有研究探讨膳食硝酸盐对血管健康的长期影响。这项初步研究测试了超重和肥胖的老年参与者长期（13周）摄入一系列剂量的膳食硝酸盐（以甜菜根汁形式提供）对血压（BP）和内皮功能的影响。
62名超重或肥胖的老年参与者（60 - 75岁）被随机分配到以下干预组：（1）高硝酸盐组，（2）中硝酸盐组，（3）低硝酸盐组，或（4）安慰剂组。在干预前后测量静息状态下的诊所血压和家庭血压。使用激光多普勒离子导入法量化内皮依赖性和非依赖性微血管血流的变化。
这项初步研究表明，中剂量和低剂量的硝酸盐在降低静息诊所收缩压方面比安慰剂更有效（分别为P = 0.04和P = 0.03）。相对于基线值，较低剂量的硝酸盐还导致微血管灌注显著增加（中剂量，P = 0.02；低剂量，P = 0.002）。
这些发现表明，在超重和肥胖的老年成年人中，补充中低剂量而非高剂量的硝酸盐13周对血压和内皮功能有积极影响。这些发现需要在更大规模的研究中得到证实。
